Crypto Wiki

Crypto Wiki is a detailed reference tool that provides concise and clear explanations for every term and jargon used in the cryptocurrency industry.

  • Abenomics

    Abenomics is the economic strategy spearheaded by Shinzo Abe in Japan, which encompasses three key components known as the "three arrows": monetary policy, fiscal stimulus, and structural reforms. This strategic approach aims to revive and transform the Japanese economy through targeted monetary measures, fiscal initiatives to stimulate growth, and comprehensive reforms to enhance the country's economic structure.

  • Abnormal Return

    Abnormal return refers to unexpected profits from assets or securities within a specific time period. It signifies a deviation from normal or expected returns and is used to assess investment performance relative to the market or a benchmark.

  • Absolute Advantage

    Absolute advantage occurs when a company can produce the same product as other companies while utilizing fewer resources. In essence, it represents a scenario where a company demonstrates superior efficiency and productivity compared to its competitors in the production of a particular product.

  • Absolute Return

    Absolute return refers to the investment's overall gain or loss, regardless of whether it is positive or negative, achieved within a designated time frame.

  • Abstract

    An abstract concept refers to something that exists solely as a thought or idea, rather than a tangible or physical entity.

  • Accepting Risk (Acceptance)

    Accepting risk, also referred to as risk acceptance, is a risk management approach utilized by companies to acknowledge and assume risks associated with specific events rather than allocating resources to mitigate them.

  • Account

    An account serves the purpose of monitoring the financial activities associated with a particular asset. It helps in recording and organizing the transactions related to that asset, enabling the tracking of its financial status and performance.

  • Account Abstraction

    Account abstraction involves simplifying user interactions with a blockchain by customizing specific aspects of smart contract accounts. This process aims to enhance user experience and make it more user-friendly to interact with the blockchain.

  • Account Balance

    Account balance is the immediate accessible amount in a bank or cryptocurrency account. It represents the net difference between all debit and credit transactions.

  • Account Number

    A bank account is uniquely identified by an account number, which is a sequence of numbers (and occasionally letters) associated with the account holder.

  • Accountability

    Accountability entails the necessity or willingness to accept responsibility for one's actions.

  • Accounting Conservatism

    Accounting conservatism is a guiding principle that mandates the prompt recognition of impending expenses and liabilities in a volatile scenario, prioritizing them over future assets and revenues.

  • Accounting Method

    An accounting method refers to a set of regulations and guidelines used to determine the timing and manner in which revenue and expenses are documented within an organization.

  • Accounting Token

    Accounting tokens can be considered as tokenized representations of credit or debit entries, similar to how spreadsheet-based accounting systems function.

  • Accredited Investors

    An accredited investor refers to an individual or entity that possesses the qualifications to engage in financial opportunities that are not legally available to ordinary investors.

  • Accretion (of a Discount)

    The accretion of a discount pertains to the profit that arises from the variance between the discounted purchase price and the face value of an asset.

  • Accrual Accounting

    Accrual accounting is a methodology that records revenues and expenses in the year they are incurred, irrespective of when the payment is received or made.

  • Accrue

    Accrual refers to the accumulated interest, income, or expenses that have been incurred over a particular period of time.

  • Accrued Income

    Accrued income is a form of income that has been earned but has not yet been received. It aligns with the accrual method of accounting, which recognizes revenue when it is earned rather than when it is received.

  • Accrued Interest

    Accrued interest refers to the outstanding amount of interest that is either owed by or owed to a company on a specified date, concerning a debt or financial obligation that has not yet been received or paid.

  • Accrued Liabilities

    Accrued liabilities are monetary obligations that have not been recorded as transactions in a company's bank accounts because the corresponding invoices for these obligations have not been received.

  • Accrued Revenue

    Accrued revenue occurs when a business recognizes sales or revenue for goods or services provided, even though payment has not been received at the time of sale due to the absence of an immediate customer invoice.

  • Accumulation Phase

    The accumulation phase refers to a stage in the market cycle that occurs immediately after a downtrend, characterized by institutional investors gradually purchasing assets in portions or tranches. This activity signals a potential positive uptrend in the market.

  • Accumulation/Distribution Indicator

    The accumulation/distribution indicator assesses the level of supply and demand for a stock, asset, or cryptocurrency by multiplying the closing price of a designated time period with the corresponding trading volume.

  • Acid Test Ratio

    The acid test ratio is a financial tool used to assess a company's capability to settle its immediate liabilities.

  • Acquisition

    An acquisition involves the acquisition of another company by purchasing a controlling stake, thereby gaining control over its operations and assets.

  • Acquisition Cost

    Acquisition cost refers to the monetary amount required to acquire or take over another business.

  • Acquisition Premium

    Acquisition premium is the term used to describe the price differential between the amount paid for a company and its evaluated market value.

  • Active Management

    Active management necessitates the presence of a manager or a team of managers who actively oversee and make decisions regarding a portfolio.

  • Activist Investor

    An activist investor refers to an individual or institution that aims to acquire a controlling stake in a company with the objective of instigating significant changes within the organization.

  • Adam Back

    Adam Back, hailing from the United Kingdom, is a globally recognized British cryptographer, cypherpunk, and prominent figure in the crypto industry.

  • Adaptive State Sharding

    Adaptive State Sharding, implemented by Elrond, is a methodology that integrates various types of sharding into a unified approach. This integration aims to enhance communication and performance within the network.

  • Address

    A cryptocurrency address is a string of alphanumeric characters that serves as a destination for sending and receiving cryptocurrencies.

  • Administrative Expenses

    Administrative expenses encompass various costs borne by an organization, which may include, but are not limited to, benefits and salaries for administrative staff, rent, and managerial compensation.

  • Adoption Curve

    The adoption curve illustrates the rate at which people embrace a new technology. It can also involve segmenting the target audience to better comprehend the market's willingness to adopt the technology.

  • Advance/Decline Line (A/D Line)

    The A/D line, also known as the Advance-Decline line, is a technical indicator that calculates and displays the disparity between the number of advancing and declining issues in the stock market on a daily basis.

  • Aeternity Blockchain

    A hybrid consensus blockchain network combines both Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS) mechanisms to achieve consensus.

  • Affiliate

    An affiliation refers to a relationship between two companies wherein one company holds a minority ownership stake in the other company.

  • Affiliate Marketing

    Affiliate marketing is a promotional strategy wherein a business compensates individuals or entities with a commission for promoting their products and services, thereby boosting sales.

  • Agency Problem

    The agency problem arises when one party, known as the agent, faces the challenge of aligning their actions with the best interests of another party, known as the principal, instead of prioritizing their own self-interests.

  • Agency Theory

    The agency theory explores methods of structuring agency relationships to reduce the potential for conflicts and other issues to arise between principals and agents.

  • Agent

    An agent is a designated third party who possesses the legal authority to act on behalf of a business (referred to as the "principal") and engage in contractual agreements on the principal's behalf.

  • Aggregate Demand

    In an economy, aggregate demand refers to the overall demand for all final goods and services produced within that economy.

  • Aggressive Investment Strategy

    An aggressive investment strategy is a high-risk approach to investing that seeks to maximize potential returns in financial markets.

  • Air Gap

    The concept of an air gap refers to the idea that when data cannot be accessed, it remains protected from potential infection or corruption.

  • Airdrop

    A token distribution marketing campaign refers to a promotional strategy that aims to distribute a particular cryptocurrency or token to a targeted audience.

  • Airnode

    Airnode is a specialized type of oracle node and API blockchain gateway designed to facilitate the integration of API providers with the API3 blockchain protocol. It enables API providers to deploy their data feeds onto the blockchain effectively.

  • Alan Greenspan

    Alan Greenspan, the former head of the US Federal Reserve, held the position of chairman for an extensive period spanning nearly two decades, from 1987 to 2006.

  • Algo-Trading (Algorithmic Trading)

    Algo-trading refers to an automated trading system that executes buy and sell orders based on predefined rules set by a computer program or algorithm.

  • Algorithm

    Algorithm is a process or set of rules to be followed in problem-solving or calculation operations, usually by a computer.

  • Algorithmic Market Operations (AMOs)

    Algorithmic Market Operations (AMOs) are mechanisms designed to automate the management of algorithmic stablecoins, ensuring efficient supply control. By leveraging these mechanisms, scalability, decentralization, and transparency of the stablecoin ecosystem can be enhanced.

  • Algorithmic Stablecoin

    An algorithmic stablecoin utilizes an underlying algorithm that adjusts the coin supply based on market conditions. When the price of the stablecoin rises, the algorithm generates additional coins, and conversely, when the price declines, the algorithm purchases coins from the market to stabilize the price.

  • All Risks Coverage

    This insurance coverage pertains to a specific type where any risk not explicitly excluded in the contract is automatically included and covered.

  • All-Time-High (ATH)

    The term "All-Time-High" (ATH) in the context of cryptocurrencies refers to the highest price or market capitalization that a particular cryptocurrency has ever reached throughout its history. It serves as a reference point for measuring the cryptocurrency's performance.

  • All-Time-Low (ATL)

    An "All-Time-Low" (ATL) in the context of cryptocurrencies represents the lowest price that a specific cryptocurrency has reached at any point in its trading history. It serves as a reference point for assessing the cryptocurrency's performance relative to its historical price levels.

  • Allocation

    Allocation refers to the distribution of equity or tokens that can be earned, purchased, or set aside for a particular team, group, investor, institution, or similar entity.

  • Allocation Efficiency

    Allocation efficiency optimizes resource allocation within an organization for maximum efficiency.

  • Allotment

    Allotment is the systematic process of distributing or assigning resources within a business to different entities over a period of time.

  • Alpha

    Alpha, in the context of finance, is a metric used to assess the performance of an investment in relation to its benchmark index within the market. It provides insight into the investment's ability to outperform or underperform the market's overall performance.

  • Alpha Version

    An alpha version is an initial release of software that is typically made available to test the usability and interface of the product. It serves as a preliminary version for gathering feedback and identifying any potential issues or improvements.

  • Alphanumeric

    Alphanumeric phrases are combinations of letters and numerals or characters.

  • Altcoin

    The term "altcoins" emerged as a way to refer to all other cryptocurrencies besides Bitcoin, as Bitcoin was the pioneering cryptocurrency that gained global attention. "Altcoins" stands for "alternative coins," indicating that they are alternative digital currencies to Bitcoin.

  • Altcoin Trader

    A person who trades cryptocurrencies other than Bitcoin is referred to as an altcoin trader. Altcoins are alternative digital currencies to Bitcoin, and traders specializing in these assets engage in trading activities specific to non-Bitcoin cryptocurrencies.

  • Alternative Investments

    Alternative investments are assets that exhibit low correlation with traditional equity and fixed income investments, offering the potential for different risk-adjusted returns. They provide opportunities to diversify portfolios and access investment strategies beyond the scope of conventional asset classes.

  • Amalgamation

    An amalgamation refers to the combination or merger of two or more organizations, which are recognized as distinct legal entities according to the laws of the jurisdiction.

  • Amazon S3

    Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) is a web-based cloud storage service that offers scalability, high-speed performance, and cost-effective solutions for storing and retrieving data from anywhere, at any time.

  • Amended Return

    An amended return is a modified version of the original tax return that has been revised or corrected. It is typically filed when there are errors, omissions, or changes to the information provided in the initial tax return.

  • AMLD5

    The 5th Anti-Money Laundering Directive (AMLD5) of the European Union represents an enhancement to the Union's existing framework for combating money laundering and financial crime.

  • Anarcho-capitalism

    A political philosophy initially formulated by American economist Murray Rothbard, which has gained popularity among numerous members of the crypto community.

  • Anchoring and Adjustment

    Anchoring refers to the psychological phenomenon where individuals rely heavily on a preexisting idea or reference point when making decisions, leading to a biased adjustment of their decision-making based on that initial notion.

  • aNFT (Autonomous NFT)

    Autonomous Non-Fungible Tokens (aNFTs) are a type of non-fungible token that can be programmed to independently initiate transactions. These tokens possess the capability to execute predefined actions or transactions based on their programming logic, adding an element of automation and autonomy to their functionality.

  • Angel Investor

    A person who provides financial support to a new business venture or startup is commonly referred to as an investor or a venture capitalist.

  • Animal Spirits

    Animal spirits refer to the psychological and non-economic factors, such as confidence, fear, and sentiment, that play a role in driving the economy. They are the collective human emotions and behaviors that influence economic decision-making, impacting market trends, investment activities, and overall economic activity beyond purely rational and economic considerations.

  • Annual Percentage Rate (APR)

    The annual percentage rate (APR) represents the yearly interest amount that a borrower is obligated to pay. It is calculated by multiplying the periodic interest rate by

  • Annual Percentage Yield (APY)

    Annual percentage yield (APY) refers to the rate of return achieved on a particular investment over the span of one year. It takes into account compounding interest, which is calculated and added to the investment on a regular basis, resulting in increased returns over time.

  • Annual Report

    An annual report is a crucial document for any company as it offers a comprehensive overview of the company's financial performance and future prospects. It provides in-depth information that enables stakeholders to gain a detailed understanding of the company's operations, achievements, challenges, and strategic direction.

  • Annualized Rate of Return

    An annualized rate of return is a metric used to evaluate and monitor the performance of an investment over a specific period, typically a year. It provides a standardized way to measure and compare the returns of different investments, taking into account the duration of the investment and presenting the return as an annualized figure for easier comparison.

  • Anonymous

    Anonymity refers to the state or condition of being unknown or unnamed. It involves the absence of personal identification or the concealment of one's identity, allowing for a level of privacy or protection from being recognized or attributed to specific individuals.

  • Anti-dump/Anti-Dumping Policy

    The anti-dumping policy is a collection of regulations designed to safeguard investors against the risks associated with pump and dump schemes. It aims to prevent fraudulent practices where manipulative individuals artificially inflate the price of an asset and then quickly sell it off, leaving unsuspecting investors at a disadvantage.

  • Anti-Fragile

    Resilience is a quality associated with an asset that indicates its ability to perform better when exposed to volatility and shocks. It refers to the asset's capacity to withstand and adapt to challenging conditions, demonstrating stability and potentially even gaining strength in the face of uncertainty or market turbulence.

  • Anti-Malware

    Anti-malware is software that protects against, detects, and removes malware from computers and electronic devices.

  • Anti-Money Laundering (AML)

    International laws have been established to prevent criminal organizations or individuals from using cryptocurrencies to launder money into traditional fiat currencies. These regulations are designed to combat money laundering activities and ensure the integrity of financial systems.

  • Antitrust Law

    Antitrust refers to a body of laws that are designed to prevent unfair competition and prohibit monopolistic practices by businesses. These laws aim to promote fair market competition, protect consumers' interests, and maintain a level playing field for businesses, thereby fostering a healthy and competitive marketplace.

  • Antivirus

    Antivirus software protects against malware and cyber attacks.

  • Apeing

    Apeing refers to the act of a cryptocurrency trader purchasing a token soon after its project launch without conducting extensive research or due diligence. It implies making impulsive investment decisions based on limited information or hype surrounding the token, often driven by FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) rather than careful analysis.

  • API

    API stands for Application Programming Interface. It comprises a set of routines, protocols, and tools that facilitate the development of software applications. APIs define the rules and specifications for software components to interact and communicate with each other, enabling seamless integration and interoperability between different software systems.

  • Application Layer

    The top layer of the OSI model is the Application Layer, responsible for network services and user applications.

  • Arbitrage

    Arbitrage refers to the strategy of rapidly purchasing and selling an identical asset across multiple markets in order to exploit variations in prices among those markets.

  • Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT)

    The arbitrage pricing theory (APT) provides a framework for assessing market efficiency and identifying potential arbitrage opportunities within financial markets. It aims to explain the relationship between asset prices and their underlying risk factors, allowing investors to analyze and potentially exploit pricing discrepancies that may arise.

  • Arbitrageur

    An arbitrageur is an investor who capitalizes on pricing inefficiencies that exist between two distinct markets. Their goal is to take advantage of the price differences by buying and selling assets in a manner that generates profits from the market discrepancies.

  • Arm Virtual Machine (Qtum)

    The Arm Virtual Machine of Qtum enables users to execute applications in a decentralized manner.

  • Aroon Indicator

    The Aroon Indicator is a tool utilized in financial markets to identify the presence of a trend, monitor its changes, identify potential corrective retracements, and assess the strength of the ongoing trend.

  • Ascending Channel

    Ascending channels are patterns in financial markets that indicate the continuation of a trend, characterized by an upward price action.

  • Ashdraked

    The total loss of a trader's invested capital, specifically due to shorting Bitcoin, resulting in the complete depletion of funds.

  • ASIC

    ASIC stands for Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, which refers to a specialized device created solely for the purpose of mining cryptocurrencies.

  • ASIC-Resistant

    This term typically pertains to blockchains and mining algorithms that are specifically designed to offer no advantage to ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits) compared to consumer-grade hardware.

  • Ask Price

    The ask price, also known as the offer price, is the minimum price at which a seller is willing to sell an asset.

  • Asset

    Assets are the resources available to an organization that can be utilized to generate revenue or provide other benefits.

  • Asset Class

    An asset class refers to a categorization of investments based on shared characteristics, behaviors, and legal frameworks.

  • Asset-Backed Tokens

    Asset-backed tokens represent digital ownership of a physical asset and derive their value from being backed by that underlying asset.

  • Asset-Based Approach

    The asset-based approach considers the company's assets as a fundamental factor in its valuation process.

  • Asset-Based Lending

    In asset-based lending, lenders focus on the value of a company's assets as a primary factor of interest, rather than solely relying on the company's creditworthiness.

  • Assets Under Management (AUM)

    Assets under management (AUM) quantifies the aggregate market value of all funds that an individual or financial institution oversees on behalf of their clients.

  • Astroturfing

    The practice of disguising marketing campaigns or sponsored messaging to appear as the genuine, unsolicited opinions of authentic community members.

  • Asynchronous

    Asynchronous refers to events that do not occur simultaneously or at the same rate.

  • Atomic Swap

    The direct transfer of cryptocurrency from one party to another, bypassing the need for an exchange or intermediary.

  • AtomicDEX

    AtomicDEX is a comprehensive application that combines a cryptocurrency wallet and decentralized exchange (DEX) in a single platform, accessible across multiple platforms.

  • Attestation Ledger

    A ledger is a record-keeping book that serves as evidence for individual transactions, typically used to "attest" to the occurrence of a financial transaction.

  • Auction

    An auction is a publicly held sale in which an asset is offered for sale through a bidding process, and the asset is ultimately sold to the bidder who places the highest bid.

  • Audit

    An audit is a systematic process in which developers examine the underlying code and/or algorithm that make up systems and applications to ensure their integrity, security, and adherence to specific standards or requirements.

  • Augmented Reality (AR)

    A type of technology that allows digital images and information to be displayed onto the physical environment.

  • Authentication

    Authentication is a procedure that verifies a user's identity by utilizing passwords, SMS codes, fingerprints, and other ownership proofs to grant access to sensitive and/or personal information or resources.

  • Authority Masternode (VeChain)

    An Authority Masternode (AM) refers to a network-connected server that operates the VeChainThor full node program.

  • Automated Market Maker (AMM)

    An automated market maker (AMM) is a trading system that utilizes automation to provide liquidity within the exchange it functions in.

  • Autonomous Economic Agent (AEA)

    The Fetch.ai and IOTA Foundation have collaborated to create a software entity that possesses its own intelligence, enabling it to autonomously take actions for the economic benefit of its owner, without requiring external input.

  • Average Annual Growth Rate (AAGR)

    The annualized mean return refers to the average return on an individual investment, portfolio, asset, or cash flow over a one-year period. It represents the typical annual gain or loss generated by the investment or asset.

  • Average Annual Return (AAR)

    Average Annual Return (AAR) is a percentage that is calculated when reporting the historical return of an investment, portfolio, asset, or cash flow. It represents the average annualized gain or loss over a specified period, typically expressed as a percentage. AAR provides a standardized way to measure and compare the performance of different investments or assets over time.

  • Average Daily Trading Volume (ADTV)

    ADTV (Average Daily Trading Volume) of a stock or crypto is the daily average number of shares or coins traded.

  • Average Directional Index (ADX)

    The Average Directional Index (ADX) is a technical indicator that quantifies the strength of a market trend. It utilizes price moving averages to generate a numerical value between 1 and 100, indicating the strength of the trend.

  • Average Return

    The average return refers to the mean value calculated from a sequence of returns generated during a specific time period. It provides an indication of the typical or average performance observed over that period.

  • Average Selling Price (ASP)

    An Average Selling Price (ASP) denotes the price at which a particular item is typically sold. It represents the average amount of money exchanged for the sale of that specific item.

  • Back-to-Back Letters of Credit

    Back-to-back letters of credit refer to the utilization of two consecutive letters of credit in order to facilitate a financial transaction involving a third party.

  • Backflush Costing (Backflush Accounting)

    A post-production accounting method that allocates costs to products once the production process is finished.

  • Backlog

    The term "backlog" is used to describe a compilation of pending tasks within an organization.

  • Backorder

    A backorder is a term used to describe an order that cannot be fulfilled immediately due to insufficient product availability at the given time.

  • Backstop

    A form of insurance agreement that provides protection for unsubscribed shares of a company or serves as a secondary source of funds in the event that the primary funds are insufficient.

  • Bag

    In crypto slang, a "bag" typically refers to a significant amount of a specific cryptocurrency. It can also be used, albeit less commonly, to describe the overall contents of an individual's crypto portfolio.

  • Bagholder

    An investor who continues to hold substantial amounts of a specific coin or token, irrespective of its performance, is often referred to as a "bag holder."

  • Bail-In

    Bail-in is a financial rescue solution provided to a heavily indebted financial institution.

  • Bail-Out

    A bail-out is a term used to describe the infusion of capital or resources provided to an entity in order to avert a potential downfall, such as default or bankruptcy, concerning its financial obligations.

  • Bait and Switch Scam

    This is a sales strategy known as "bait and switch," where a customer is initially lured in with a product or service at a low rate, but then persuaded or pressured to purchase a higher-priced alternative.

  • Bakers

    Baking is the process utilized by Tezos to add new blocks of transactions to its blockchain.

  • Baking

    In Tezos, baking is the process utilized to append new blocks of transactions onto its blockchain.

  • Balanced Fund

    Balanced funds are mutual funds that combine stock and bond components within a single portfolio.

  • Balanced Investment Strategy

    The objective of a balanced investment strategy is to achieve a balance between portfolio return and risk.

  • Balloon Loan

    A balloon loan is a type of loan that is structured in a way that it is not fully repaid by the end of the term, instead requiring a large "balloon" payment at maturity.

  • Balloon Payment

    A balloon payment refers to a substantial sum of money that becomes due at the end of the term of a balloon loan.

  • Bandwagon Effect

    The bandwagon effect is a phenomenon in which an individual's decision is influenced by the prevailing majority or popular opinion.

  • Bandwidth

    Bandwidth refers to the amount of data capacity available on a network for conducting transactional activities.

  • Bank for International Settlements (BIS)

    The BIS, or Bank for International Settlements, is an international financial institution that plays a crucial role in promoting global monetary stability.

  • Bank Run

    A bank run takes place when a significant number of customers withdraw their funds from a bank due to concerns about its solvency and potential bankruptcy.

  • Banking as a Service (BaaS)

    BaaS (Banking-as-a-Service) platforms enable banks to enhance financial transparency by opening up their APIs to third parties, allowing them to develop new services and access a higher level of transparency in the financial sector.

  • Banking Secrecy Act (BSA)

    The Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) was introduced in the United States in 1970 with the aim of preventing criminals from concealing or laundering their illicit proceeds.

  • Bar Chart

    A bar chart is a graphical tool used in finance for data visualization and technical analysis. It displays information through vertical and horizontal lines arranged on a graph, providing valuable insights and analysis.

  • Basket

    In the cryptocurrency space, a basket refers to a consolidated grouping of digital currencies that are managed and treated as a single asset.

  • Basket of Goods

    A basket of goods refers to a measurement tool used to evaluate the prices of consumer goods and services. It typically includes a representative selection of items that are commonly purchased by consumers, allowing for the analysis of price changes and inflation trends.

  • Batch Auctions

    Batch auctions are a trading mechanism where individual orders are grouped together and executed simultaneously, offering a more efficient and coordinated approach to trading.

  • Beacon Chain

    In a proof-of-stake (PoS) cryptocurrency like Ethereum 2.0, a blockchain serves as the coordinating platform for shard chains. It manages crucial functionalities such as staking and the registry of validators.

  • Bear

    A person who holds the belief that prices in a particular market will experience a prolonged decline is often described as "bearish."

  • Bear Hug

    A bear hug refers to a situation where a potential buyer attempts a hostile takeover of a company by offering a significantly higher price than the target company's actual worth.

  • Bear Market

    A bear market is characterized by a decline of 20% or more in asset prices from their recent highs. It signifies a period of pessimism in the economy and market, leading to diminished investor confidence.

  • Bear Trap

    A bear trap refers to a situation in which a group of traders, collectively holding a significant amount of a cryptocurrency.

  • Bearwhale

    A bearwhale is an individual who possesses a significant amount of cryptocurrencies and leverages their substantial account to deliberately push the price downward, aiming to profit from the resulting decline.

  • Benchmark

    Benchmarking is a technique used to compare the performance of an asset or investment portfolio with similar assets, aiming to identify potential gaps that can be addressed by improving performance.

  • Benchmark Index

    A benchmark index is a widely recognized and popular index security that serves as a standard or benchmark for measuring the performance of the broader market. It provides a reference point against which the progress of the market can be tracked and evaluated.

  • BEP-2 (Binance Chain Tokenization Standard)

    A technical standard for tokens on Binance Chain refers to a set of specifications and guidelines that define the structure, functionality, and interoperability of tokens built and operating on the Binance Chain platform.

  • BEP-20

    BEP-20 is a token standard on Binance Chain designed to expand upon ERC-20 capabilities.

  • BEP-721

    BEP-721 is a token standard specific to Binance Smart Chain (BSC) that facilitates the creation of non-fungible tokens (NFTs). It is regarded as an extension of the widely adopted ERC-721 standard, known for its popularity and use in the NFT space.

  • BEP-95 (Bruno Hard Fork Upgrade)

    The Binance Evolution Protocol (BEP-95) is a hard fork upgrade known as Bruno, which seeks to enhance the efficiency of the BNB token burning process by accelerating its speed.

  • Beta (Release)

    The pre-release stage of software, known as a beta phase, involves granting access to a limited number of users and third-party software testers. This allows for testing the software in real-world settings and gathering valuable feedback before its official release.

  • Bid Price

    The bid price is the amount that an individual is willing to pay for a security, asset, commodity, service, or contract. It represents the price offered by a buyer in the market.

  • Bid-Ask Spread

    The bid-ask spread refers to the difference between the highest price that a buyer is willing to pay for an asset and the lowest price that a seller is willing to accept. It represents the gap between the buying and selling prices in a market.

  • Big Tech

    The largest technological corporations, including Facebook, Apple, Google, and Amazon, are commonly referred to as "Big Tech" due to their dominant market positions and significant shares in their respective industries.

  • Binance Labs

    Binance Labs is an initiative dedicated to supporting, investing in, and fostering the growth of blockchain and cryptocurrency businesses, initiatives, and communities. It also operates as a social impact fund, aiming to make positive contributions to society through strategic investments.

  • Binance Launchpad

    Binance Launchpad serves as a platform for crypto-startups, providing them with the opportunity to raise capital and promote their projects to a vast community of crypto investors within the Binance ecosystem.

  • Binary Code

    Binary code is a numerical system that employs two symbols, "0" and "1," to represent various forms of data, including text, computer processor commands, and other types of information.

  • Bit

    A bit is the fundamental unit of information in computing. It represents the smallest possible unit of data and can hold a value of either 0 or 1.

  • Bitcoin ATM (BTM)

    A Bitcoin ATM, also known as a cashpoint or automated teller machine (ATM), is a specialized machine that enables users to buy and sell Bitcoin and, in some cases, other cryptocurrencies.

  • Bitcoin DApps

    Bitcoin DApps are decentralized applications that operate on Bitcoin-powered blockchains and leverage the core functionalities of the Bitcoin network.

  • Bitcoin Dominance (BTCD)

    Bitcoin Dominance is a metric used to measure the percentage of the total cryptocurrency market share that is attributed to Bitcoin. It helps determine the extent to which Bitcoin holds dominance and influence over the broader cryptocurrency market.

  • Bitcoin ETF

    A Bitcoin ETF is an investment fund that tracks the price of Bitcoin and allows investors to trade its shares on an exchange.

  • Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP)

    The commonly accepted structure for documents suggesting modifications to Bitcoin.

  • Bitcoin Misery Index (BMI)

    Investors utilize the Bitcoin Misery Index (BMI) as a financial instrument with a scale spanning from 0 to 100.

  • Bitcoin NFTs

    Bitcoin-based blockchains minting non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and protected by the Bitcoin network are commonly referred to as Bitcoin NFTs.

  • Bitcoin Pizza

    Bitcoin Pizza is the term used to describe the well-known transaction in which an individual named Laszlo Hanyecz exchanged 10,000 Bitcoins for two pizzas, marking the initial real-world business transaction involving Bitcoin.

  • Bitcoiner

    A person who holds a positive and optimistic outlook on the future value and potential of Bitcoin is commonly referred to as a "Bitcoin bull."

  • Bitcointalk

    Bitcointalk is widely recognized as the leading online forum specifically designed for discussions surrounding Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, and blockchain technology.

  • BitLicense

    A BitLicense is an official business license issued by the New York State Department of Financial Services, granting permission to engage in regulated virtual currency activities.

  • BitPay

    BitPay operates as a prominent payment service provider specializing in Bitcoin transactions.

  • Bits

    A commonly employed unit or subdivision of a single Bitcoin is referred to as a "Bitcoin unit" or "Bitcoin subdivision."

  • Bitstream

    The term "Bitstream" is used to describe the configuration data that is loaded onto a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).

  • Black Hat Hacker

    Black hat hackers typically employ malware to infiltrate computer networks and systems with the intention of unlawfully acquiring data.

  • Black Swan Event

    A black swan event, alternatively referred to as black swan occurrences, serves as a metaphor for an unforeseen event that possesses a substantial impact.

  • Blake-256

    Blake-256, utilized in Decred, is a hash algorithm created by a team of individuals including Jean-Philippe Aumasson, Luca Henzen, Willi Meier, and Raphael C.-W. Phan.

  • Block

    Blocks are fundamental components of a blockchain and refer to files that contain information about transactions conducted within a specific timeframe. Each block within the blockchain encapsulates a set of completed transactions, creating a chronological record of the transaction history.

  • Block Explorer

    An application that enables users to access and explore the specific details of blocks within a given blockchain is commonly referred to as a "block explorer" or "blockchain browser."

  • Block Header

    A block header serves as a distinctive identifier for a block within a blockchain and undergoes continuous hashing to provide proof-of-work for mining incentives.

  • Block Height

    The term used to describe the number of blocks that come before a specific block in the blockchain is called the "block height."

  • Block Producer

    A block producer (BP) refers to an individual or group whose hardware is selected to validate a block's transactions and initiate the subsequent block in the majority of Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchains.

  • Block Reward

    The coins granted to a miner or a group of miners upon successfully solving the cryptographic puzzle necessary for generating a new block in a specific blockchain.

  • Block Size

    In the realm of blockchain technology, block size denotes the capacity of a single block within the chain to accommodate data related to transactions.

  • Block Time

    Block time is a term used in blockchain technology to describe the estimated duration it takes for a blockchain-based system to generate and validate a new block.

  • Block Trade

    A block trade is a significant transaction involving the purchase or sale of securities that takes place outside of the regular open market. This type of trade often involves a financial intermediary known as a blockhouse, which assists investors in managing risks associated with the transaction.

  • Blockchain

    A distributed ledger system is a network of computers that maintains a sequential arrangement of blocks, which are units of digital information, stored in a publicly accessible database. This ledger system serves as the foundation for cryptocurrencies and enables transparent and secure transactional records.

  • Blockchain 1.0

    Blockchain 1.0 represents the initial iteration of blockchain technology, emphasizing the core elements of cryptocurrency and decentralization.

  • Blockchain 2.0

    Blockchain 2.0 is an evolutionary step beyond blockchain 1.0, introducing advancements such as the implementation of smart contracts and enhancing the decentralization of businesses and markets. This iteration also emphasizes improved security and transparency as essential components of the technology.

  • Blockchain 3.0

    Blockchain 3.0 represents the ultimate stage of development in blockchain technology, envisioning widespread adoption at a global scale by institutions and enterprises. This stage anticipates the integration of blockchain into various sectors and industries as a transformative solution.

  • Blockchain Explorer

    A blockchain explorer functions as a search engine that enables users to navigate and explore the records stored within a blockchain.

  • Blockchain Mutual Credit

    Blockchain mutual credit refers to a framework that enables the creation of stable cryptocurrencies by leveraging multilateral exchange networks. This approach allows for the derivation of digital currencies that maintain stability within the blockchain ecosystem.

  • Blockchain Transmission Protocol (BTP)

    The Blockchain Transmission Protocol (BTP) facilitates the seamless operation of isolated blockchains as a fully decentralized settlement layer. By securely anchoring transactions through a universal protocol, BTP ensures reliable and secure transmission of data across different blockchain networks. This enables interoperability and enhances the overall decentralization of the blockchain ecosystem.

  • Blockchain Tribalism

    Blockchain tribalism describes the tendency of individuals in the blockchain or crypto community to align themselves ideologically with specific blockchains or cryptocurrencies.

  • Blockchain Trilemma

    The blockchain trilemma represents the three core challenges that commonly afflict blockchains: decentralization, security, and scalability. These issues pose significant obstacles in achieving a balance among these three essential aspects within a blockchain system.

  • Blockchain-Enabled Smart Locks

    Blockchain-enabled smart locks provide secure solutions to security issues by utilizing embedded variables in smart contracts to control their lock and unlock states.

  • Bluesky Crypto Protocol

    There is no known information about the Bluesky crypto protocol organized by Twitter as of my knowledge cutoff in September 2021.

  • Bollinger Band

    Bollinger Bands is a tool created by Bollinger that aids in identifying systemic pattern recognition within price movements.

  • Bonding Curve

    A bonding curve is a mathematical curve that establishes the connection between the price and the supply of a specific asset. It provides a framework for determining how the price of the asset changes as its supply varies.

  • Bots

    Automated software, also known as trading bots, can perform cryptocurrency trades on behalf of users.

  • Bounty

    A cryptocurrency bounty is a gratuity provided to users as a token of appreciation for completing assigned tasks within a specific blockchain or project.

  • Brave Browser

    Brave Browser is a privacy-focused web browser with built-in ad blocking and reward system.

  • Breaking

    In the realm of cryptocurrencies, the breaking of forward compatibility in cryptoassets is often observed through hard forks, which involve significant changes and modifications to a cryptocurrency's protocol or rules.

  • Brian Armstrong

    Brian Armstrong is indeed the founder of Coinbase, a prominent cryptocurrency exchange based in the United States.

  • Bridges

    A blockchain bridge facilitates the smooth transfer of data or tokens between two distinct blockchain projects. It serves as a connection or interoperability mechanism that enables the transfer of assets or information across different blockchain networks.

  • Browser Extension

    A browser extension is a plugin that adds extra features to an internet browser.

  • Brute Force Attack (BFA)

    Automated trial and error method to crack a password or key.

  • Bubble

    When an asset is traded at a price higher than its intrinsic value.

  • Bug Bounty

    A reward provided for identifying vulnerabilities in software.

  • Bug Exploit

    A bug exploit refers to an attack that exploits vulnerabilities within a system to gain unauthorized access or control.

  • Bull

    A person who is optimistic and confident about market prices increasing is often referred to as being "bullish" in the market or on a specific price.

  • Bull Market

    A bull market in crypto and stock markets indicates a period when asset prices experience significant growth. These markets serve as a motivating factor for both investors and buyers, as the prices of assets rise substantially during this time.

  • Bull Run

    A bull run, or bull trend, refers to a prolonged period in the financial market when the values of specific assets consistently and significantly increase over time. It signifies a market condition characterized by upward price momentum and optimism among investors.

  • Bull Trap

    A bull trap happens when a declining asset briefly reverses and appears to move upwards before continuing its downward trajectory.

  • Burn/Burned

    Cryptocurrency tokens or coins are classified as "burned" when they have been intentionally and permanently removed from circulation.

  • Buy Wall

    A buy wall refers to a significantly large buy limit order that is placed on a cryptocurrency exchange, creating a visible barrier of demand at a specific price level.

  • Byron Phase

    The Byron Phase represents the initial phase of the Cardano blockchain, which was launched in September 2017.

  • Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)

    Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) is a property of a computer system that enables it to achieve consensus even in the presence of failures or malicious behavior exhibited by certain components within the system.

  • Byzantine Generals’ Problem

    A situation where communication within a group or party cannot be trusted or verified, preventing consensus on a single strategy.

  • Byzantium Fork

    The Byzantium hard fork aimed to make Ethereum's smart contracts more suitable for commercial use and improve transaction speed by implementing various enhancements.

  • C++

    C++ is an extension of the C programming language that enables cross-platform development and provides additional capabilities.

  • Call Options

    Call options are financial contracts that grant the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy a specific stock, bond, commodity, or other asset at a predetermined price.

  • Candlesticks

    A candlestick chart displays price changes over time and provides information on opening, closing, high, and low prices.

  • Capital

    Capital is often referred to as a substantial amount of money that individuals or organizations use for investment purposes.

  • Capital Efficiencies

    Capital efficiency is the ratio that measures a company's spending on revenue growth and the corresponding profitability it generates.

  • Capital Funds

    Capital funding refers to the financial resources, either in the form of debt or equity, provided to support the operations of a company.

  • Capitulation

    Capitulation refers to the act of selling assets or cryptocurrencies at a considerable loss due to a loss of hope or belief in their potential for future price increases.

  • Casascius Coin

    A physical unit of Bitcoin, typically in the form of brass, silver, or gold-plated coins.

  • Cascading Liquidations

    Cascading liquidation refers to a situation where successive liquidations occur, leading to a rapid and significant price change.

  • Cash

    Cash refers to the most readily available and liquid form of money, typically encompassing physical coins and banknotes in the strictest sense of the term.

  • Casper (Ethereum)

    Casper is a project aimed at integrating Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism into the Ethereum network.

  • Cathie Wood

    Cathie Wood is a prominent stock investor and the founder of ARK Invest, a firm with assets worth $60 billion. ARK Invest specializes in investing in innovative technologies such as self-driving vehicles and genomics.

  • CeDeFi

    CeDeFi, short for centralized decentralized finance, merges traditional centralized financial services with decentralized applications, blending conventional regulatory policies with modern financial systems.

  • Censorship

    Censorship refers to the act of modifying, suppressing, or prohibiting speech or writing that is deemed harmful or detrimental to the broader public.

  • Censorship Resistance

    Censorship resistance is the concept that no entity can hinder or prevent individuals from participating in a specific platform or network.

  • Central Bank

    In modern economies, the central bank holds the responsibility of formulating and implementing monetary policy, along with regulating member banks within the financial system.

  • Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)

    CBDCs, or Central Bank Digital Currencies, are digital currencies issued by a central bank that obtain their legal tender status based on government regulations or laws.

  • Central Ledger

    A central ledger is a record-keeping system, whether in the form of a physical book or a computer file, used to centrally track and document transactions.

  • Central Processing Unit (CPU)

    The central processing unit (CPU) is the component of a computer that interprets and executes programs, as well as coordinates the tasks of all other computer components.

  • Centralized Exchange (CEX)

    Centralized exchanges (CEXs) are cryptocurrency exchanges that are owned and operated by a single company in a centralized manner.

  • Centre (Consortium)

    Centralization refers to a system that relies on a central point of authority to make decisions and oversee the entire entity.

  • Certificate of Deposit (CD)

    A certificate of deposit (CD) is a financial product that enables customers to earn an interest rate premium by depositing funds for a specific period of time.

  • Chain Reorganization

    Chain reorganization in blockchain technology enables node operators to replace blocks with new ones, creating longer chains of data.

  • Chain Split

    Chain splits, also known as cryptocurrency forks, refer to the division of a single original coin into multiple independently managed projects.

  • Change

    In cryptocurrencies that utilize the UTXO (Unspent Transaction Output) model, change refers to the amount of coins that are returned to a user after they utilize their unspent outputs to initiate a transaction.

  • Change Address

    In cryptocurrencies, a change address is a temporary storage location where the change from a transaction is held before being returned to the sender's wallet.

  • Changpeng Zhao (CZ)

    Changpeng Zhao (CZ) is the founder of Binance, a prominent cryptocurrency exchange.

  • Chargeback

    A chargeback refers to the reversal of funds to the payer of a particular transaction, typically involving credit or debit card payments.

  • Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME)

    The Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) is a major exchange in the United States that specializes in futures and options trading.

  • Chunk (NEAR)

    In the NEAR protocol, a chunk refers to a portion of each block generated through the process of sharding.

  • Cipher

    Ciphers play a crucial role in cryptography, by enabling the exchange of information confidentially, impervious to unauthorized access.

  • Ciphertext

    Ciphertext is encrypted plaintext generated by an algorithm.

  • Circle

    Circle is the creator of USDC, a Fintech firm.

  • Circulating Supply

    The closest estimate of the number of coins in circulation and held by the public.

  • Client

    A client is software capable of accessing and processing blockchain transactions on a local computer. A popular example is a cryptocurrency software wallet.

  • Close

    Refers to the closing price, akin to its usage in stock trading.

  • Cloud

    Cloud servers are commonly distributed across multiple data centers worldwide.

  • Cloud Mining

    Cryptocurrency mining utilizing rented remote processing power from companies.

  • Co-Signer

    Co-Signer is a person or entity with partial control and access to a cryptocurrency wallet is a wallet holder.

  • Code

    Coding involves writing programming statements for a program.

  • Coin

    The term "coin" can refer to a cryptocurrency that functions autonomously or to an individual unit of that cryptocurrency.

  • Coin Mixer

    Coin mixers provide a method for users to obfuscate transactions between different cryptocurrency addresses, making them untraceable and preventing tracking back to the original sender or receiver of the assets.

  • Coinbase

    In mineable cryptocurrencies, the coinbase refers to the newly generated coins awarded to miners for successfully mining each new block.

  • Coinbase Transaction

    The initial transaction within a new block is called a coinbase transaction, where the miner receives Bitcoins and mining fees.

  • Cold Storage

    Offline storage of cryptocurrencies usually involves non-custodial hardware wallets, USBs, offline computers, or paper wallets.

  • Cold Wallet

    A cryptocurrency wallet kept in cold storage, meaning it is not connected to the internet.

  • Collateral

    Collateral refers to any asset accepted by a lender as security to guarantee loan repayment by the borrower.

  • Collateral Cap

    Collateral cap is a security measure that aims to distribute lending risk across multiple assets within a protocol.

  • Collateral Factor

    Collateral Factor is the maximum borrowing limit, expressed as a percentage, determined by the total assets supplied by a user.

  • Collateral Tokens

    In cryptocurrency, collateral tokens are utilized as a risk mitigation asset when borrowing different types of crypto tokens.

  • Collateralization

    Collateralization is the practice of utilizing one asset as insurance to secure a loan in another asset.

  • Collateralized Debt Obligation

    A collateralized debt obligation (CDO) comprises a blend of loans and assets that are provided to large investment firms with substantial capital.

  • Collateralized Debt Position (CDP)

    A collateralized debt position involves locking collateral in smart contracts to generate stablecoins.

  • Collateralized Mortgage Obligation (CMO)

    A collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) is a package that combines multiple mortgages and is sold to investors.

  • Collateralized Stablecoin

    A "collateralized stablecoin" is a stablecoin that is predominantly or entirely backed by collateral held in a reserve.

  • Commingling

    Commingling of funds is a strategy that consolidates funds from various investors into a unified investment to maximize benefits.

  • Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC)

    The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) is an independent federal regulatory agency entrusted with overseeing the U.S. derivatives market.

  • Composable DeFi

    Composable DeFi refers to the interoperability among various DeFi protocols.

  • Composable Token

    A composable token refers to an ERC-998 token, an extension of non-fungible tokens that enables them to possess other non-fungible (ERC-721) and fungible (ERC-20) tokens.

  • Concentrated Liquidity

    Concentrated liquidity refers to the capability of liquidity providers (LPs) to choose a specific price range along the curve to provide liquidity.

  • Confirmation

    In cryptocurrency, confirmation is a measure of the number of blocks that have been added to the blockchain since a transaction was included.

  • Confirmations

    A cryptocurrency transaction is deemed confirmed when it is included in a block on the blockchain. Each subsequent block serves as an additional confirmation for that transaction.

  • Consensus

    Consensus is attained when all network participants reach an agreement regarding the order and content of blocks in the blockchain.

  • Consensus Mechanism

    A consensus mechanism is a fundamental technology that underlies the main functionalities of all blockchain technology, making it a crucial operating component of cryptocurrencies.

  • ConsenSys

    ConsenSys is a blockchain technology company that provides developer tools and enterprise solutions.

  • Consolidation

    Consolidation in trading occurs when a crypto asset trades within a range, and the market exhibits uncertainty regarding the next price movement.

  • Consortium Blockchain

    A privately owned and operated blockchain, in which a consortium shares information not easily accessible to the public, while leveraging the immutability and transparency of the chain.

  • Consumer Price Index (CPI)

    A Consumer Price Index (CPI) is an index that monitors the prices of a basket of goods and services to provide insights into market segments.

  • Contract

    In traditional finance, a contract is a legally binding agreement between two parties. In the realm of cryptocurrencies, smart contracts are self-executing agreements that perform functions on the blockchain.

  • Contract Account

    A contract account is an account that holds a cryptocurrency balance and has associated code.

  • Contract for Difference (CFD)

    A contract for difference (CFD) specifies the buyer's responsibility to cover any price difference resulting from the fluctuating valuation of an asset.

  • Coordinator

    In blockchain technology, a coordinator refers to a specialized client that enables nodes to verify the accuracy of their ledger copy by validating specific transactions.

  • Core Wallet

    A core crypto wallet has the capacity to store the entire blockchain, rather than only a portion of it.

  • Corporate Treasury

    A corporate treasury is established to oversee and manage the liquidity, risk, funds, capital reserves, and other resources of a company, in accordance with its short and long-term strategies.

  • Correction

    A correction refers to a price pullback of at least 10% in an asset to correct for overvaluation.

  • CPU Miner

    CPU mining, also known as central processing unit mining, is the process of generating or mining cryptocurrency using a computer's central processing unit (CPU) power.

  • Craig Wright

    Craig Wright is an Australian computer scientist known for his association with Bitcoin SV (Bitcoin Satoshi Vision).

  • Credit Rating

    Credit rating is an assessment that enables banks and lending institutions to evaluate your ability to repay debt.

  • Credit Risk

    Credit risk is a numerical representation of the likelihood that a bank or lending institution may incur financial losses due to a borrower's inability to repay a loan.

  • Cross Margin

    Cross-margin mode permits traders to open multiple positions by utilizing their account balance as a shared pool of collateral.

  • Cross-Border Trading

    Cross-border trading in financial markets and trade finance enables global trading using a local currency.

  • Cross-Chain

    Cross-chain technology improves the interconnection between blockchain networks by facilitating the exchange of information and value.

  • Cross-Chain Communication

    Cross-chain communication enables different blockchains to validate data and transactions without relying on a centralized third-party service.

  • Cross-chain Contract Calls

    Cross-chain contract calls enable the transfer of information, cryptocurrencies, or NFTs that are typically limited to their respective networks, to move seamlessly between blockchains using smart contracts.

  • Crowdfunding

    Crowdfunding empowers fundraisers to gather funds from a broad range of individuals through diverse platforms.

  • Crowdloan

    The practice of new projects raising funds through DOT or KSM tokens to secure slots on the Kusama or Polkadot network.

  • Crypto Debit Card

    A crypto debit card is a debit card that enables its holder to make purchases of goods and services using cryptocurrencies.

  • Crypto Invoicing

    Crypto invoicing refers to the process of generating invoices for goods and services that are to be paid in cryptocurrencies.

  • Crypto Loan

    A crypto loan is a secured loan, akin to an auto or student loan, where you provide an asset as collateral to obtain financing.

  • Crypto Winter

    Crypto winter refers to a phase in the cryptocurrency market when the prices of major coins experience a significant decline from their all-time highs.

  • Cryptoasset

    A cryptoasset is a digital asset that utilizes cryptographic technologies to function as a currency or decentralized application.

  • Cryptocurrency

    Cryptocurrencies are digital currencies that leverage cryptographic technologies to ensure their security and functionality.

  • Cryptocurrency Money Laundering

    Cryptocurrency money laundering is a technique employed by criminals to obscure and legitimize funds by converting fiat currency to digital currency and subsequently channeling it through multiple pathways. It is an attempt to evade detection and conceal the illicit origin of the funds.

  • Cryptocurrency Pairs

    Exchanges employ cryptocurrency pairs to enable the trading of different tokens.

  • Cryptographic Hash Function

    Cryptographic hash functions generate a hash value of fixed size from an input of variable size, typically used in transaction processing.

  • Cryptography

    The field of study and practice focused on securing information to prevent unauthorized access by third parties.

  • Cryptojacking

    The unauthorized utilization of another party's computer to mine cryptocurrency.

  • Cryptology

    Cryptology encompasses the scientific study of both cryptography and cryptanalysis.

  • CryptoPunks

    A collection of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) built on the Ethereum blockchain.

  • Currency

    Currency is a recognized medium of exchange that serves as a unit of value.

  • Currency Crisis

    A currency crisis refers to a financial emergency characterized by the devaluation of a country's fiat currency, leading to investor caution in holding or investing in the country's assets.

  • Curve AMO

    Curve is a software platform that utilizes multiple cryptocurrencies to provide an automated market maker (AMM) service, primarily focused on stablecoins—cryptocurrencies designed to replicate the value of other assets.

  • Custodial

    Custodial cryptocurrency businesses are entities that hold their customers' funds while their services are being utilized.

  • Custodian

    A custodian is entrusted with the responsibility of securely holding assets on behalf of institutions or individuals for various purposes.

  • Custody

    Custody refers to the legal authority of a financial institution to safeguard and protect financial assets on behalf of its clients, mitigating the risk of asset theft or loss.

  • Cypherpunk

    The cypherpunk movement advocates for the utilization of cryptography and privacy-centric technologies to drive social and political advancements.

  • Daedalus Wallet

    Daedalus Wallet is an open-source, multi-platform hierarchical-deterministic wallet that enables the generation of an unlimited number of keys from a single seed.

  • DAO Summoning

    DAO summoning refers to the process of creating or establishing a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO).

  • Dark Web

    The darknet refers to a segment of the internet that is not indexed by search engines and can only be accessed through specific software, configurations, or authorizations.

  • Darknodes

    RenVM is powered by Darknodes, which form a decentralized network of computers. Darknodes contribute their computing power and storage space to the network in exchange for compensation, subject to specific conditions.

  • Data Privacy

    Data privacy pertains to the field of data protection and security, specifically focused on the proper handling and safeguarding of sensitive information.

  • Data Scraping

    Data scraping, also known as web scraping, involves extracting information from a website and saving it to a spreadsheet, local file, or database on a computer.

  • Data Validation

    Data validation is the procedure of verifying and ensuring the accuracy, integrity, and quality of a dataset before its utilization.

  • Date of Launch

    The term used to describe the period when Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) make their tokens available for purchase.

  • Day Trading

    Day trading refers to the practice of buying and selling assets frequently within a single trading day to profit from short-term price fluctuations.

  • Dead Cat Bounce

    A temporary rebound in prices following a prolonged decline.

  • Dead Coin

    A defunct cryptocurrency that is no longer active or in existence.

  • Death Cross

    A death cross is a bearish technical indicator in trading where the 50-day moving average drops below the 200-day moving average, suggesting a significant sell-off in the market.

  • Decentralization Maximalism

    Decentralization maximalism is the belief that decentralization is the optimal approach and way of life to such an extent that regulatory measures are deemed unnecessary.

  • Decentralization Ratio

    The Decentralization Ratio (DR) represents the proportion of collateral value that is decentralized compared to the total stablecoin supply backed by those assets.

  • Decentralized

    Decentralization refers to the characteristic of a system where nodes or actors collaborate in a distributed manner to accomplish a shared objective.

  • Decentralized API (dAPI)

    Decentralized Application Programming Interfaces (dAPIs) are API services that are inherently compatible and interoperable with blockchain technology. This innovation is introduced by the API3 protocol.

  • Decentralized Applications (DApps)

    A decentralized application (DApp) is a type of application that operates on a decentralized network, eliminating the risk of a single point of failure.

  • Decentralized Autonomous Initial Coin Offerings (DAICO)

    Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) is a funding method for projects that incorporates governance elements in the ICO process, enabling backers to vote for fund returns under specific conditions.

  • Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO)

    A decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) is an organization that operates based on computer-defined rules and smart contracts on the blockchain, allowing for decentralized governance and decision-making.

  • Decentralized Currency

    Decentralized currency refers to a form of currency that operates without the need for traditional banking institutions or intermediaries. It enables the direct transfer of wealth or ownership of commodities between parties, leveraging decentralized technologies such as blockchain to ensure security, transparency, and autonomy in financial transactions.

  • Decentralized Database

    A decentralized database randomly distributes data across multiple nodes, increasing availability, security, and fault tolerance.

  • Decentralized Exchange (DEX)

    A decentralized peer-to-peer exchange enables direct cryptocurrency trading between users without intermediaries.

  • Decentralized Governance

    Decentralized governance is the process of managing and making decisions for blockchain networks and decentralized applications (dApps) in a disintermediated and equitable manner.

  • Decentralized Identifier (DID)

    A decentralized identifier (DID) is a digital identity that can be issued by an autonomous, independent, and decentralized platform, serving as a proof of ownership for digital identities.

  • Decentralized Marketplace

    A decentralized marketplace, built on blockchain technology, enables traders and investors to directly trade with each other without intermediaries. These marketplaces operate globally and eliminate the need for intermediaries.

  • Decentralized Network

    A decentralized network is a system where individual elements are interconnected and interact with each other without relying on a central authority or server.

  • Decentralized Payment Network

    A decentralized payment network is a system that enables users, customers, and vendors to exchange money directly with each other without the need for a trusted third party to secure and facilitate the transactions.

  • Decentralized Social Media

    Decentralized social media refers to a social media platform that operates on a blockchain or utilizes decentralized technologies. It aims to provide users with greater control over their data, enhanced privacy, and the ability to participate in content moderation and platform governance.

  • Decentralized Stablecoin

    Decentralized stablecoins are transparent and non-custodial cryptocurrencies that minimize or eliminate third-party control.

  • Decryption

    Decryption is the process of converting encrypted data into a readable format that can be understood by a user or machine.

  • Deep Web

    The "deep web" refers to the portion of the internet that is not indexed or easily accessible by standard search engines.

  • DeFi

    A decentralized finance (DeFi) movement promotes alternatives to traditional, centralized financial services.

  • DeFi Aggregator

    A DeFi aggregator is a platform or service that consolidates and combines liquidity and trading opportunities from multiple decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms into a single interface, allowing users to access and manage their trades in one place.

  • DeFi Degens

    DeFi degenerates are associated with disreputable practices in decentralized finance, including pump and dump schemes.

  • Deflation

    Deflation refers to a decrease in the overall prices of goods and services in an economy.

  • Delayed Proof of Work (dPoW)

    Delayed Proof of Work (dPoW) is a security mechanism implemented as a second layer of consensus to safeguard blockchains against 51% attacks that could compromise the network's integrity.

  • Delegated Proof-of-Stake (dPOS)

    An alternative consensus algorithm to both Proof-of-Stake (PoS) and Proof-of-Work (PoW) is a different approach used to validate and secure transactions in a blockchain network.

  • Delisting

    Delisting refers to the procedure of eliminating an asset, stock, or cryptocurrency from a trading exchange.

  • Demurrage

    Demurrage is a fee imposed for exceeding a specified time period while utilizing an asset.

  • Denial-of-Service (DoS) Attack

    The objective of a denial-of-service attack is to cause temporary unavailability of a computer or network service for its intended users.

  • Depth Chart

    A chart that utilizes limit orders to plot the buy requests (bids) and sell requests (asks) is known as an order book. This order book provides a visual representation of the market's current state, indicating the point at which a transaction is most likely to be executed, commonly referred to as the market price.

  • Derivative

    A financial instrument that derives its value from the performance or value of an underlying asset.

  • Derivatives Market

    A public marketplace for derivative instruments, such as futures contracts or options, which are based on various forms of cryptocurrency assets.

  • Desktop Wallet

    A desktop wallet refers to a software wallet that is typically non-custodial in nature.

  • Deterministic Wallet

    A deterministic cryptocurrency wallet is a type of wallet that generates keys and addresses from a single seed.

  • Dex Aggregator

    DEX aggregators are a recent type of blockchain-based service that enables cryptocurrency traders to access a wide range of financial tools through a single interface. These aggregators often offer enhanced convenience by providing traders with access to multiple decentralized exchanges (DEXs), liquidity pools, and other related services.

  • Dharma Protocol

    An open-source stack designed for constructing debt markets on the Ethereum blockchain.

  • Diamond Hands

    "Diamond Hands" is a widely used term on social media platforms to describe individuals who maintain their coin holdings even when their portfolio experiences a decline in value exceeding 20%.

  • Difficulty

    The measure of the difficulty involved in validating a new block on a blockchain is commonly referred to as "block difficulty."

  • Digital

    Digital technologies are electronic tools capable of generating, storing, and processing data.

  • Digital Art

    Digital art encompasses artistic and media creations produced using digital technology.

  • Digital Asset

    A digital asset refers to a digital representation of something valuable.

  • Digital Asset Custodian

    A digital asset custodian is responsible for safeguarding digital assets on behalf of investors or clients.

  • Digital Asset Ecosystem

    The digital asset ecosystem is a comprehensive term that encompasses all aspects of the cryptocurrency space, including NFTs, futures, and other associated facilities and elements.

  • Digital Barter Economy

    A digital barter economy eliminates the limitations of traditional barter systems, enabling easier trading of both physical and virtual items worldwide.

  • Digital Commodity

    A digital commodity refers to a digitally existing entity, distinct from physical counterparts in the "meatspace."

  • Digital Currency

    A digital currency exists solely in digital form, contrasting with traditional physical currencies.

  • Digital Dollar

    A digital dollar is a currency that exists only in electronic or digital form, without a physical counterpart.

  • Digital Identity

    The term "digital dollar" pertains to a potential digital currency that could be issued by the central bank of the United States (CBDC).

  • Digital Signature

    A method used to verify the authenticity of a digital communication.

  • Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA)

    Credentials or identification data utilized by an individual or entity to authenticate their identity to a computer or network.

  • Dildo

    In the context of cryptocurrency market data, "candles" or vertical lines on graphs indicate the price movement, with red representing a decrease and green representing an increase.

  • Dip

    A dip refers to a temporary or prolonged downturn in markets.

  • Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)

    Data structuring method commonly employed for data modeling and increasingly utilized as a consensus tool in cryptocurrencies.

  • Discord

    Discord is a web-based communication application primarily designed for facilitating communication among gamers.

  • Distributed Consensus

    Consensus achieved among network nodes through collective agreement.

  • Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attack

    A malicious attempt to disrupt the operation of an application, server, or network by overwhelming it with excessive traffic.

  • Distributed Ledger

    Distributed ledgers are ledgers where data is stored across a network of decentralized nodes.

  • Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)

    A database shared by multiple participants across different locations, forming the foundation of blockchains.

  • Distributed Network

    A network in which data and applications rely on multiple sources instead of a single location.

  • Distribution Phase

    The distribution phase denotes the opposite of the accumulation phase, characterized by a sideways market movement and range-bound behavior following an extended uptrend.

  • Diversification

    Diversification is a risk management strategy that involves incorporating a wide range of investments into a portfolio.

  • Documentation

    Documentation is a component of token economies that stores comprehensive asset details on the blockchain.

  • Dolphin

    An individual with a moderate cryptocurrency holding.

  • Dominance

    A metric indicating Bitcoin's value in relation to the broader cryptocurrency market.

  • Dorian Nakamoto

    Dorian Nakamoto is a Japanese-American physicist whom some speculate to be Satoshi Nakamoto.

  • DotSama

    DotSama is a newly coined term in the crypto community, representing the combined Kusama and Polkadot ecosystems.

  • Double Spend Attack

    A double-spend attack refers to the practice of spending the same cryptocurrency more than once in the realm of digital currencies.

  • Double Spending

    The potential for a digital currency to be spent twice.

  • dPoSec (Distributed Proof of Security)

    dPoSec (Distributed Proof of Security) is a consensus mechanism designed to ensure the continuity of blockchain network operation even if one-third of the nodes are compromised.

  • Drawdown

    Maximum decline in value from the peak value experienced by an investment or fund over a specific timeframe.

  • Dual-Token Economy/Model (Two-Token Economy)

    In the blockchain domain, a dual-token economy or model refers to a project utilizing two tokens, one for internal utility within the network and the other as a security token for fundraising purposes.

  • Dump

    A sudden and significant sale of digital assets.

  • Dumping

    A collective market sell-off resulting from the rapid sale of a large quantity of a particular cryptocurrency within a short period.

  • Dust Transactions

    Minuscule amounts of Bitcoin held in a wallet, typically outweighed by the transaction fee required for their transfer.

  • Dusting Attack

    An attack aimed at revealing the identity of a wallet owner, which can be exploited in phishing scams.

  • DYCO (Dynamic Coin Offering)

    DYCO (dynamic coin offering) is a novel crowdfunding model developed by DAO Maker that employs utility tokens backed by USD.

  • DYOR

    DYOR stands for "Do Your Own Research," encouraging investors to conduct thorough due diligence on a project before investing.

  • E-Signature

    An electronic signature, or e-signature, refers to any electronic mark (sign, sound, symbol, etc.) used in place of a physical signature to sign a document or contract.

  • Economic Utility

    Economic utility, in economics, refers to the overall satisfaction derived by an individual from consuming a particular good or service.

  • Edge Nodes

    In computer science, an edge node denotes a computer that acts as a gateway for end-users to establish connections with other nodes.

  • Effective Proof-of-Stake

    Effective Proof-of-Stake is Harmony's implementation of the Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism, aiming to achieve both security and decentralization.

  • Electrum Wallet

    A user-friendly Bitcoin wallet designed for Windows, Mac, and Linux operating systems.

  • ELI5

    "ELI5" is an abbreviation for "explain like I'm five," which is a request for simplified explanations of complex crypto concepts.

  • Elliott Waves

    The Elliott Wave Theory is a fundamental tool utilized by many stock and cryptocurrency market traders.

  • EMA (Exponential Moving Average)

    Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a technical indicator that emphasizes recent price changes and data points of an asset, stock, or cryptocurrency while considering older chart observations.

  • Email Spoofing

    Email spoofing is a technique employed to deceive users into believing that a message originates from a different sender than the actual one.

  • Emission

    The rate at which new coins are generated and released.

  • Encryption

    Encryption is a technique that transforms information into a coded form.

  • Enterprise Blockchain

    Enterprise blockchain refers to the application of distributed ledger technology for non-speculative business purposes. These blockchain networks are designed to meet the specific requirements of enterprises and can be either private or public.

  • Enterprise Ethereum Alliance (EEA)

    A consortium of organizations and companies collaborating to enhance the Ethereum network.

  • Epoch

    In machine learning, an epoch represents a complete iteration of the training dataset through the algorithm.

  • Equity

    Equity represents the capital that would be distributed to a company's shareholders if all assets were liquidated and debts were settled during the process of liquidation.

  • Erasure Encoding

    Erasure coding is a technique that involves segmenting, expanding, and encoding data with redundant information before storing it across multiple locations.

  • ERC-1155

    The ERC-1155 digital token standard, developed by Enjin, offers enhanced security compared to older token standards.

  • ERC-20

    Tokens exclusively designed for use on the Ethereum platform.

  • ERC-223

    ERC-223 is an Ethereum token standard that utilizes smart contracts to securely transfer tokens to digital wallets.

  • ERC-721

    A token standard specifically designed for non-fungible tokens (NFTs) on the Ethereum blockchain.

  • ERC-777

    ERC-777 is a token standard derived from ERC-20, introducing a new method of interacting with token contracts while maintaining backward compatibility.

  • ERC-827

    ERC-827 is an Ethereum token standard that addresses limitations of ERC-20, specifically in the implementation of calls during transfers and approvals.

  • ERC-884

    ERC-884 facilitates the creation of tradable ERC-20 tokens, each representing a numberless share issued by a Delaware corporation.

  • ERC-948

    ERC-948 is an innovative Ethereum token protocol designed to facilitate subscription-based transactions and connect subscription businesses with customers.

  • Escrow

    An escrow is a financial arrangement where assets or funds are held by a trusted third party during the completion of a transaction between a buyer and a seller.

  • Esports

    E-sports, short for electronic sports, refers to competitive gaming events where players compete against each other individually or in teams, often in organized tournaments.

  • ETH/BTC

    ETH/BTC is a widely traded cryptocurrency pair that represents the price of Ethereum in Bitcoin.

  • Ethash

    Ethash is the mining algorithm employed for proof-of-work consensus in Ethereum and ETH-based cryptocurrencies.

  • Ether

    Ether is the native cryptocurrency used as payment within the Ethereum distributed application platform.

  • Ethereum Improvement Proposal (EIP)

    Ethereum Improvement Proposals (EIPs) define standards for the Ethereum platform, encompassing core protocol specifications, client APIs, and contract standards.

  • Ethereum Request For Comment (ERC)

    Ethereum Request for Comment (ERC) is the protocol through which developers introduce new improvements to the Ethereum network.

  • Ethereum Transaction

    Ethereum transactions consist of cryptographically signed instructions that initiate updates to the state of the Ethereum network.

  • Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)

    A Turing-complete virtual machine serves as the runtime environment for executing code precisely as intended, particularly for smart contracts.

  • Event Triggers

    Smart contracts have the capability to emit events and write logs to the blockchain during transaction mining, enabling frontend processing.

  • Exchange

    Cryptocurrency exchanges are platforms that enable customers to trade cryptocurrencies for fiat money or other digital currencies.

  • Exchange Traded Fund (ETF)

    An exchange-traded fund (ETF) is a security that tracks a diversified portfolio of assets, including stocks, bonds, and cryptocurrencies, while being tradable like a single stock.

  • Exit Scam

    An exit scam refers to a deceptive practice where projects vanish or shut down after collecting funds from investors.

  • Fakeout

    A fakeout denotes a sudden and temporary market movement that misleads traders into believing a new trend is emerging, when, in reality, it is not.

  • Falling Knife

    A falling knife describes a rapid decline in the price of an asset, indicating a downward momentum in the financial market.

  • Falling Wedge

    Falling wedges, also known as descending wedges, exhibit a distinct downward slope and have a bullish bias compared to symmetrical triangles, which lack a discernible slope and bias.

  • Fan Token

    A fan token is a cryptocurrency issued by a specific sports team, providing holders with participation in governance activities and granting exclusive rewards and discounts.

  • FATF Travel Rule

    The FATF Travel Rule mandates virtual asset service providers to implement regulations for sharing information on certain large transactions.

  • Faucet

    A cryptocurrency reward system, typically found on websites or apps, that incentivizes users for completing specific tasks.

  • Fee Tiers

    Fee tiers pertain to the fee structure that determines the charges imposed when investors deposit or withdraw funds and execute trades on a cryptocurrency exchange.

  • Fiat

    Fiat currency refers to "legal tender" backed by a central government, such as the Federal Reserve, and its associated banking system, like fractional reserve banking.

  • Fiat On-Ramp

    A fiat-on ramp is a method for converting regular money (fiat) into cryptocurrency.

  • Fiat-Pegged Cryptocurrency

    A blockchain-based coin, token, or asset that is tied to a government or bank-issued currency.

  • Fibonacci Retracement Level

    The Fibonacci retracement method utilizes a set of key numbers known as Fibonacci ratios to identify support and resistance levels for assets, stocks, or cryptocurrencies.

  • Field Programmable Gate Array

    Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit that can be reconfigured by customers or designers after the manufacturing process to suit specific requirements.

  • Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

    The FATF (Financial Action Task Force) is a global organization that establishes international standards to combat money laundering and terrorist financing (AML/CFT).

  • Financial Crime Enforcement Network (FinCEN)

    The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) is a regulatory bureau of the United States Treasury dedicated to combating financial crimes.

  • Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre (FINTRAC)

    The Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre (FINTRAC) is Canada's financial intelligence agency.

  • First In, First Out

    First in, First Out (FIFO) is an inventory method used to determine the cost basis for tax calculations.

  • First-Mover Advantage (FMA)

    First-Mover Advantage (FMA) refers to a company or organization that gains an advantage over competitors by being the first to introduce a breakthrough product or service to the market.

  • Flash Crash

    A flash crash refers to a market condition where the price of an asset experiences a rapid and significant decline within a short time frame.

  • Flash Loan

    A flash loan involves borrowing and repaying a specific amount of liquidity within the same transaction or block.

  • Flash Loan Attack

    Flash loan attacks occur when malicious actors exploit vulnerabilities in smart contracts.

  • Flashbots

    Flashbots is an independent research and development organization aimed at mitigating the negative impacts of Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) extraction.

  • Flippening

    A hypothetical scenario where Ethereum's market capitalization surpasses that of Bitcoin.

  • Flipping

    An investment strategy involving the purchase of assets with the intention of selling them for a profit in a short period of time.

  • FOMO

    FOMO stands for "Fear of Missing Out" and refers to the anxiety or excitement people feel when they believe others are experiencing a rewarding opportunity that they might miss out on.

  • Fork (Blockchain)

    Forks or chain splits occur when a blockchain creates an alternative version, resulting in two concurrent blockchains.

  • Fork (Software)

    When a completely new program is developed using source code obtained from an open-source software.

  • Fractional Stablecoins

    A fractional stablecoin is a type of stablecoin that is backed by collateral and algorithmically adjusted.

  • Fraud Proof

    A fraud proof is a technological mechanism that acts as a bond in a decentralized environment utilizing Optimistic Rollups (ORs).

  • Front Running

    Front running occurs when an individual places a transaction in a queue based on advance knowledge of a future transaction.

  • FUD

    FUD is an acronym that stands for "Fear, Uncertainty, and Doubt." It is a strategy employed to influence the perception of certain cryptocurrencies or the cryptocurrency market as a whole by spreading negative or misleading information.

  • FUDster

    Someone who spreads FUD is engaging in the act of disseminating fear, uncertainty, and doubt regarding cryptocurrencies or the market.

  • Full Node

    Full nodes are participants in a blockchain network that download and store the entire history of the blockchain to observe and enforce its rules.

  • Fully Diluted Value (FDV)

    FDV, or Fully Diluted Valuation, represents the total worth or market capitalization of a cryptocurrency if the entire supply of tokens were in circulation.

  • Fully Homomorphic Encryption

    Fully homomorphic encryption is a cryptographic scheme that enables arbitrary computations to be performed on encrypted data.

  • Fundamental Analysis (FA)

    Fundamental analysis is a method of researching the intrinsic value of an asset by examining factors such as technology, team, growth prospects, and other indicators. It is often used as part of the investment decision-making process.

  • Funding Payments

    Funding payments are periodic payments exchanged between traders. These payments aim to reduce the discrepancy between the perpetual market price and the spot market price.

  • Fungible

    Fungibility in the realm of cryptocurrency refers to the interchangeability of coins or tokens, allowing any identical unit to be substituted for another.

  • Futures

    A futures contract is a legally binding agreement that establishes the purchase or sale of a specific commodity or asset at a predetermined price and a specified time in the future.

  • Gains

    Gains denote an escalation in value or profitability.

  • Game Channels

    Game channels represent the latest technological breakthrough in blockchain gaming, facilitating swift gameplay by eliminating the need to wait for block confirmations.

  • Game Theory

    Game theory serves as a method for constructing a simplified interactive

  • GameFi

    GameFi, also known as play-to-earn (P2E) games, is a relatively recent concept in the gaming and cryptocurrency sectors. It pertains to games that incorporate economic and financial elements into their design.

  • Gas

    On the Ethereum platform, the term "gas" signifies a unit of measurement for quantifying the computational effort required to execute transactions, smart contracts, or launch DApps on the Ethereum network.

  • Gas Limit

    On the Ethereum platform, the term "gas limit" denotes the maximum amount of gas a user is willing to expend on a transaction.

  • Gas Price

    On the Ethereum platform, the term "gas price" represents the amount a user is willing to pay for a transaction.

  • Gas Station Networks (GSN)

    Gas Station Networks (GSN) enable the development of decentralized applications (dApps) that offer transaction payment services, eliminating the need for users to hold Ether or ETH to cover gas costs.

  • Gavin Wood

    Gavin Wood is indeed the co-founder of Parity Technologies and one of the original founders of Ethereum.

  • Gems

    The term "gem" is used to describe lesser-known, low-cap coins that possess significant potential or are deemed to be substantially undervalued.

  • Genesis Block

    The initial block of data that undergoes processing and validation to establish a new blockchain is commonly referred to as either "block 0" or "block 1."

  • Geotagged NFT

    Geotagged non-fungible tokens (NFTs) incorporate 3D renditions of street art, coupled with their corresponding geographical locations. These NFTs enable art enthusiasts to possess both the virtual representation and the physical artwork. This innovative approach allows for a unique fusion of digital and tangible art ownership.

  • Geth

    Geth, which stands for Go Ethereum, is a command-line interface designed for developers to operate full Ethereum nodes. It provides functionalities such as mining the cryptocurrency and executing smart contracts on the Ethereum network.

  • GitHub

    GitHub is a highly popular code hosting platform that facilitates collaboration among developers working on a wide range of projects. It offers features and tools that enable efficient teamwork, version control, issue tracking, and code review, making it a favored platform for software development and open-source projects.

  • Goguen Phase

    The Goguen phase of Cardano enables the creation and deployment of smart contracts and decentralized applications (DApps).

  • Gold-Backed Cryptocurrency

    A gold-backed coin or token is a form of digital currency that represents a specific value of gold. For example, one coin may be equivalent to the weight of one physical gram of gold.

  • Golden Cross

    The golden cross is a bullish technical trading indicator that indicates an impending price increase for an asset, stock, or cryptocurrency.

  • Google Authenticator

    Google Authenticator is a software-based authentication system that generates unique one-time codes based on time, providing an additional layer of security on your mobile phone.

  • Governance

    In the realm of cryptocurrencies, governance refers to the individuals or organizations bestowed with decision-making authority concerning a particular project.

  • Governance Token

    A governance token is a type of token that grants the holder the ability to participate in voting on decisions that impact a particular ecosystem.

  • Graphical Processing Unit (GPU)

    Frequently recognized as a graphics card, this computer chip is primarily responsible for generating three-dimensional images on computers. However, it has also proven to be efficient for cryptocurrency mining.

  • Gray Swan Event

    A gray swan refers to a notable event that could be anticipated, although its likelihood is considered low.

  • Greater Fool Theory

    The greater fool theory, initially introduced by Professor Burton Malkiel, posits that there is always a "greater fool" available to whom one can sell an overvalued asset.

  • Green Candle

    A green candle represents a situation where the closing price of an asset is higher than its opening price.

  • Group Mining

    In contrast to solo mining, group mining involves multiple individuals mining collectively.

  • Gwei

    The term used to specify the unit of measurement for the cost of gas in transactions involving Ether.

  • Hacking

    Hacking refers to the unauthorized act of using a computer to manipulate another computer or computer system.

  • Hal Finney

    Hal Finney, a renowned cryptographer and programmer, played a pivotal role in the early development of Bitcoin alongside Satoshi Nakamoto.

  • Halving

    A halving event occurs when the total rewards per confirmed block are reduced by half.

  • Hard Cap

    A hard cap represents the upper limit or maximum supply of a digital asset.

  • Hard Fork (Blockchain)

    A protocol change known as a soft fork validates transactions previously considered invalid while invalidating transactions that were previously deemed valid.

  • Hard Fork Combinator

    The hard fork combinator, initially devised by IOHK, is a tool used to integrate protocols specifically within the Cardano blockchain following a hard fork.

  • Hard Peg

    A hard peg refers to an exchange rate policy in which a currency is fixed at a predetermined rate against another currency.

  • Hardware Security Module

    A hardware security module (HSM) is a type of computing device that provides secure storage for digital keys and encryption of data.

  • Hardware Wallet

    A hardware wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet that typically resembles a USB stick, offering secure storage for digital assets.

  • Hash

    A hash is the unique output produced by a hashing algorithm, generating a fixed-length string used to encrypt and secure a specific set of arbitrary data.

  • Hash Function

    A cryptographic hash function is a type of function used to transform data of any size into data of a fixed size. This is commonly used in cryptography. *See Cryptographic Hash Function.

  • Hash Power / Hash Rate

    Hashrate is a unit of measurement indicating the amount of computing power consumed by a network to sustain continuous operation.

  • Hashed Timelock Contract (HTLC)

    A hashed timelock contract (HTLC) is a contractual agreement between two parties that eliminates the need for trust by providing specific features to mitigate risks.

  • Hashgraph Consensus Mechanism

    The hashgraph consensus mechanism represents an advanced and updated version of technology that facilitates consensus among participants.

  • Hedge Contract

    A hedge contract serves as a form of insurance utilized by investors to mitigate the risk of financial losses. Typically, it is designed to safeguard against market price fluctuations.

  • Hedge Fund

    A hedge fund is an investment vehicle that pools funds from multiple investors and employs various investment strategies across different liquid asset classes.

  • Hidden Cap

    A hidden cap refers to an undisclosed limit on the amount of money a team seeks to raise from investors during an initial coin offering (ICO). The purpose of a hidden cap is to ensure a fair and level playing field for all participants.

  • Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet (HD Wallet)

    A deterministic wallet is a type of wallet that utilizes the Hierarchical Deterministic (HD) protocol to generate multiple crypto-wallets from a single master seed, typically using 12 mnemonic phrases. *See Deterministic Wallet.

  • Higher High

    A higher high occurs when the closing price of a cryptocurrency surpasses the previous day's high, which itself closed at a high.

  • Higher Low

    A higher low is observed when the closing price of a cryptocurrency settles at a level higher than the previous day's closing price.

  • HODL

    A buy-and-hold investment strategy is a passive approach where an investor holds an investment for an extended period, regardless of price or market fluctuations.

  • Honeyminer

    Honeyminer is a cryptocurrency mining application that can be downloaded and used on various devices.

  • Hostage Byte Attack

    A Hostage Byte Attack refers to a type of distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack wherein a user's data, stored on a malicious storage node, is held hostage, and a ransom is demanded to restore access to the data.

  • Hosted Wallet

    A custodial wallet is a wallet that is managed by a third-party service.

  • Hot Storage

    Online storage of private keys enables faster access to cryptocurrencies, but it is important to note that this is in contrast to cold storage. *See Cold Storage.

  • Hot Wallet

    A hot wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet that is connected to the internet, allowing for immediate access to cryptoassets.

  • Howey Test

    A Howey Test is a commonly used assessment to determine whether an asset qualifies as a security.

  • Human-Readable Names

    In computer programming, the term "human-readable" refers to information that is presented in a way that can be easily understood by humans, as opposed to machine-readable formats such as binary.

  • Huobi BTC (HBTC)

    Huobi BTC or HBTC is an ERC-20 token launched by Huobi, designed to maintain a 1:1 ratio with Bitcoin (BTC).

  • Hybrid PoW/PoS

    A hybrid PoW/PoS (Proof-of-Work/Proof-of-Stake) consensus mechanism combines both proof-of-work and proof-of-stake algorithms in a network. This approach aims to combine the security benefits of PoW with the energy efficiency and scalability advantages of PoS.

  • Hyperinflation

    Hyperinflation is a condition characterized by uncontrolled and rapid increases in the prices of goods and services within an economy. It typically occurs when essential resources like gas or food become scarce.

  • Hyperledger (Hyperledger Foundation)

    Hyperledger is an initiative initiated by the Linux Foundation in 2015 that encompasses various open-source blockchains and related tools. It aims to foster collaborative development in the field of blockchain technology.

  • Immutable

    Immutability refers to the characteristic of being unchangeable, particularly over time.

  • Impermanent Loss

    Impermanent loss occurs when a liquidity provider experiences a temporary loss of funds due to volatility in a specific trading pair.

  • In-the-Money / Out-of-the-Money

    In-the-money and out-of-the-money are terms used in options trading that provide investors with additional tools to engage with the market.

  • Infinite Approval

    Pre-approving smart contracts allows the platform to spend your coins without any limitations on the amount.

  • Infinite Mint Attack

    An infinite mint attack takes place when an unauthorized entity or hacker creates an excessive ("infinite") quantity of tokens within a protocol.

  • Inflation

    Inflation refers to a general increase in prices and a decrease in the purchasing power of money.

  • Initial Bounty Offering (IBO)

    A groundbreaking approach to project launch that emphasizes people contributing their skills to a platform rather than monetary contributions.

  • Initial Coin Offering (ICO)

    An ICO, which stands for Initial Coin Offering, is a form of crowdfunding or crowdsale that utilizes cryptocurrencies as a means of raising capital for early-stage companies.

  • Initial Dex Offering (IDO)

    An initial dex offering (IDX) serves as an alternative to an initial coin offering (ICO).

  • Initial Exchange Offering

    Crypto crowdfunding is a fundraising method in which crypto start-ups generate capital by listing their projects through an exchange.

  • Initial Farm Offering (IFO)

    Initial Farm Offering (IFO) assists DeFi projects in raising capital by leveraging the farming feature offered by decentralized exchanges.

  • Initial Game Offering (IGO)

    Initial game offerings (IGOs) present individuals with an opportunity to invest in gaming projects at an early stage, which have the potential to yield significant returns upon their launch.

  • Initial NFT Offering (INO)

    A crypto crowdfunding solution allows projects to raise funds by listing a set of NFTs via a launchpad.

  • Initial Public Offering (IPO)

    An initial public offering (IPO) is the process by which a company offers its shares for the first time on the stock market, allowing the public to purchase them.

  • Initial Stake Pool Offering (ISPO)

    The Initial Stake Pool Offering (ISPO) is a relatively new method of crypto fundraising specific to the Cardano ecosystem.

  • Initial Token Offering (ITO)

    ITOs (Initial Token Offerings) are similar to initial coin offerings (ICOs) but focus more on offering tokens that have intrinsic utility, such as software usage or ecosystem participation.

  • Input-Output Hong Kong (IOHK)

    Input-Output Global (IOG), previously known as Input-Output Hong Kong (IOHK), was established in 2015 by Charles Hoskinson to provide blockchain infrastructure for research and engineering companies.

  • Insider Trading

    Insider trading occurs when an individual buys or sells stocks while possessing non-public material information about those stocks.

  • Instant Settlement Network Layer

    An instant settlement network enables participants to exchange digital assets in real-time, regardless of their location in the world.

  • Institutional Investor

    An institutional investor refers to an organization or legal entity that engages in market trading on behalf of its clients, who may include retail investors.

  • Insurance Fund

    An exchange insurance fund is established to provide coverage for unexpected losses arising from leveraged trading. This fund aims to protect traders from bankruptcy in the event of liquidations.

  • Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

    An integrated development environment (IDE) is a software tool that consolidates various development tools into a single graphical user interface (GUI), facilitating the app development process.

  • Intellectual Property (IP)

    Intellectual property (IP) refers to a category of property that can be legally protected to prevent unauthorized copying or selling.

  • Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC)

    Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) is a communication protocol that enables different blockchains to exchange messages and interact with one another.

  • Intercontinental Exchange (ICE)

    The Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) is an American company that was founded in 2000 with the purpose of acquiring and operating global exchanges and clearing houses.

  • Interest Rates

    Interest is a fee or return that is calculated based on the amount of money deposited, borrowed, or lent, and is dependent on the passage of time.

  • Intermediary/Middleman

    An intermediary is a person or entity that facilitates agreements or carries out directives between different parties.

  • Internal Transaction

    An internal transaction, also referred to as a "message," occurs when an externally owned account (EOA) interacts with a contract address, resulting in the transfer of Ether.

  • Internet Layer

    The internet layer, which is the third layer in the TCP/IP model, is responsible for the transmission of network packets across the network.

  • Internet Memes

    A meme is a form of content, such as an image, video, or text, that is widely copied and rapidly shared by internet users. Memes are often humorous but can also convey critical messages.

  • Internet of Things

    The Internet of Things (IoT) is a global interconnected network of devices, sensors, and software that enables real-time data collection and exchange among them over the internet.

  • Internet Service Provider (ISP)

    Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are commercial entities that offer internet access to end-users.

  • Interoperability

    Blockchain interoperability, also known as cross-chain interoperability, refers to the capability to view and share information across multiple blockchains.

  • InterPlanetary File System (IPFS)

    The InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) is a decentralized, peer-to-peer system for storing and retrieving files, websites, and applications. It relies on content addressing instead of traditional location-based addressing.

  • Intrinsic Value

    The intrinsic value of an asset represents its actual worth, which is determined through a complex financial calculation, rather than relying solely on its current market price.

  • Invest

    Investing involves allocating funds to a financial scheme with the goal of generating a profit.

  • Investment Vehicles (Crypto-tied)

    Investment vehicles refer to the different asset classes in which investors allocate their money, aiming to increase the value of their investment portfolio over time.

  • IOU

    IOU, short for "I owe you," is a written acknowledgment that one party owes a debt to another party.

  • IP Address

    IP addresses are numerical identifiers assigned to devices connected to the internet or a local network, ensuring their unique identification.

  • Isolated Margin

    Isolated margin mode enables users to segregate the margin allocated to their positions, limiting their potential liability to the initial margin set.

  • Jager

    The smallest unit of Binance Coin (BNB) is referred to as Jager.

  • Java

    Java is a versatile programming language that supports object-oriented and class-based programming paradigms.

  • JavaScript

    JavaScript is a dynamic, lightweight, and powerful programming language commonly used for web-based applications.

  • JOMO

    Joy of missing out (JOMO) represents the contentment and satisfaction derived from not participating in certain activities, contrasting the fear of missing out (FOMO).

  • Keylogger

    A keylogger, also known as keystroke logging software, is a surveillance tool often utilized by hackers to record and monitor the keystrokes made by users.

  • Kimchi Premium

    Kimchi premium is a term used to describe a phenomenon observed in South Korean crypto exchanges, where cryptocurrency valuations appear higher compared to international exchanges.

  • Klinger Oscillator

    The Klinger volume oscillator is a technical indicator that analyzes the relationship between volume and price to predict potential price reversals in financial markets.

  • Know Your Customer (KYC)

    KYC, short for Know Your Customer, refers to the verification process conducted by crypto exchanges and trading platforms to confirm the identity of their customers.

  • Lachesis

    The consensus mechanism employed by the Fantom blockchain.

  • Lambo

    Lambo, short for Lamborghini, refers to the famous luxury car that often symbolizes wealth and success associated with cryptocurrency gains.

  • Large Cap

    Large cap or big cap projects/organizations refer to well-established entities with a market capitalization of $10 billion or more.

  • Laser Eyes

    Laser eyes is a popular Twitter meme embraced by Bitcoin enthusiasts who aim to drive the price of BTC to new all-time highs.

  • Law of Accelerating Returns

    The Law of Accelerating Returns is a hypothesis formulated by Ray Kurzweil, suggesting that technologies and evolutionary systems tend to progress exponentially.

  • Layer 0

    Layer 0 represents the foundational network framework that operates beneath the blockchain, encompassing protocols, connections, hardware, miners, and other components crucial to the blockchain ecosystem.

  • Layer 2

    Layer 2 denotes a scaling solution that enables high transaction throughput while maintaining the security of the underlying blockchain on which it is built.

  • Layer-1 Blockchain

    A layer-1 blockchain encompasses solutions that enhance the underlying base protocol itself.

  • Ledger

    A blockchain is an immutable record of financial transactions, allowing for the appending of new transactions while preventing alterations to previous ones.

  • Leverage

    Leverage is a financial tool that allows traders to amplify their market exposure beyond their available capital by borrowing funds from a brokerage.

  • Leveraged Tokens

    In the realm of cryptocurrencies, leveraged tokens provide traders with the ability to take leveraged positions, resulting in multiplied gains or losses.

  • Light Node

    Light nodes, which are commonly downloaded wallets, connect to full nodes in order to verify and validate the information stored on the blockchain.

  • Lightning Network

    A scalability solution known as a second-layer protocol aims to address the scalability challenges of Bitcoin by facilitating faster transaction processing.

  • Limit Order

    A limit order is a type of order placed to buy or sell a security at a specified price or a better one.

  • Limit Order/Limit Buy/Limit Sell

    Automated trading tools enable traders to execute buy or sell orders for cryptocurrencies on a trading platform once a specific price target is reached.

  • LINK (Chainlink)

    LINK is an Ethereum-based token utilized for compensating Chainlink node operators.

  • Liquid Market

    In a liquid market, there is a significant presence of both buyers and sellers, facilitating seamless and cost-effective execution of trades.

  • Liquid Staking

    Liquid staking enables users to both stake tokens and utilize them within the DeFi ecosystem simultaneously.

  • Liquid Staking (Fantom)

    Fantom blockchain utilizes a staking mechanism that allows users to earn yield by staking tokens for an extended period of time.

  • Liquidation

    Liquidation refers to the process of converting an asset or cryptocurrency into fiat currency or its equivalent.

  • Liquidity

    Liquidity refers to the ease and speed at which a cryptocurrency can be converted into cash, without causing a significant decrease in its value.

  • Liquidity Bootstrapping Pool (LBP)

    A liquidity bootstrapping pool is a contract designed to manage a primary pool of tokens used on an exchange.

  • Liquidity Mining

    Liquidity mining is a mechanism where participants contribute cryptocurrencies to liquidity pools and receive rewards in the form of fees and tokens based on their share.

  • Liquidity Pool

    Liquidity pools consist of crypto assets held to facilitate the trading of trading pairs on decentralized exchanges.

  • Liquidity Provider Tokens (LP Tokens)

    Liquidity provider tokens, also known as LP tokens, are tokens issued to liquidity providers on decentralized exchanges (DEXs) that operate on automated market maker (AMM) protocols.

  • Liveness

    Resilience is the assurance that a system will continue to provide data and services without the ability for any centralized authority to shut it down.

  • Loan-to-value (LTV)

    Loan-to-value (LTV) is a measure used by lenders to assess the risk associated with approving a loan. It represents the ratio between the value of the loan and the value of the collateral provided.

  • Location Swap

    Location swap enables the transfer of ownership rights to assets represented by tokens without impacting other characteristics.

  • Long

    It refers to the act of purchasing a cryptocurrency with the expectation of selling it at a higher price in the future to generate a profit.

  • Longing (Long Position)

    A long position, also known as longing, involves an investor buying a cryptocurrency or another financial instrument with the intention of selling it at a higher price later.

  • Lovelace

    The smallest unit of ADA, the cryptocurrency of the Cardano network, is called Lovelace.

  • Lower High

    A lower high occurs when the price of a cryptocurrency reaches a high point but is lower than the previous day's high.

  • Lower Low

    A lower low happens when the price of a cryptocurrency closes below the previous day's low, which itself was already a low point.

  • Mainchain

    The mainchain refers to the foundational blockchain layer where all transactions are processed and finalized.

  • Mainnet

    A standalone blockchain that operates independently with its unique technology and protocol.

  • Mainnet Swap

    Mainnet swap involves transferring a cryptocurrency project from one blockchain network to another, typically transitioning to its own dedicated blockchain network.

  • Maker Protocol (MakerDAO)

    The Maker Protocol enables users to utilize their approved assets as collateral to generate DAI and receive rewards through the governance system.

  • Malware

    Malware, also known as malicious software, refers to harmful programs used by malicious individuals to gain unauthorized access to computers, networks, or servers, often with malicious intent.

  • Man-in-the-Middle Attack (MITM)

    A man-in-the-middle attack (MITM) is a type of cyberattack where an attacker intercepts and positions themselves between two parties in a communication to eavesdrop or manipulate the exchange secretly.

  • Margin Call

    A margin call occurs when the value of an investor's account falls below the minimum margin maintenance requirement.

  • Margin Trading

    Margin trading involves a trader utilizing borrowed funds from a broker to engage in cryptocurrency trading.

  • Market

    A market refers to a space or platform, whether online or offline, where commercial transactions take place.

  • Market Balances

    Market balances represent the remaining quantity of tokens or coins following a transaction on a decentralized exchange (DEX).

  • Market Capitalization/Market Cap/MCAP

    Market capitalization refers to the total value of a cryptocurrency. It is a method used to rank the relative size of a cryptocurrency.

  • Market Maker, Market Taker

    In trading, the maker initiates an order (to buy or sell at a specified price), while the taker accepts the placed order (to execute the buy or sell at the quoted price).

  • Market Making as a Service (MMaaS)

    Market Making as a Service (MMaaS) is a technology service that empowers token issuers to implement their own market making strategies, enabling them to trade and effectively manage liquidity.

  • Market Order/Market Buy/Market Sell

    A cryptocurrency trade executed on an exchange at the prevailing and most favorable price.

  • Market Signal

    By employing signaling techniques, market participants actively contribute to the creation of a dynamic market environment, which can effectively highlight investment opportunities for investors.

  • Marlowe

    Marlowe, developed by Input Output Hong Kong (IOHK), is a user-friendly programming language designed for individuals with no programming expertise or knowledge.

  • Masternodes

    Masternodes are servers maintained by their owners, similar to full nodes, but with additional functionalities such as transaction anonymization, transaction clearance, and participation in certain activities.

  • Max Supply

    Max supply represents the closest estimation of the maximum number of coins that will ever be in existence throughout the lifespan of a cryptocurrency. It can be further explored by considering circulating supply and total supply.

  • Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)

    Maximal extractable value (MEV) quantifies the potential profit a miner can obtain by strategically including, excluding, or reordering transactions within the blocks they generate.

  • Medium of Exchange

    A medium of exchange is an intermediary instrument or system that facilitates the buying, selling, or trading of goods between parties.

  • Megahashes Per Second

    Megahashes per second (MH/s) is a unit of measurement equivalent to one million hashes per second.

  • Meme Economy

    The Meme Economy is an online subculture characterized by satire, where memes are discussed using financial terminology, treating them as commodities or capital assets with varying prices.

  • Memecoin

    Memecoins are cryptocurrency tokens created as a joke or based on memes, often making exaggerated claims about potential gains for holders.

  • Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)

    A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) is a written agreement between two or more parties that is not legally binding.

  • Mempool

    A mempool refers to a collection of all the unconfirmed transactions that a node has encountered.

  • Mercenary Capital

    Mercenary capital refers to the opportunistic funding provided by investors who aim to exploit short-term incentive programs offered by a platform for personal financial gain.

  • Merkle Tree

    A Merkle tree is a cryptographic and computer science data structure used to validate the integrity of stored or transmitted data.

  • MetaMask

    An online digital wallet serves as an extension to a regular browser, enabling users to manage, transfer, and receive Ethereum cryptocurrency.

  • Metatransaction

    A metatransaction involves the execution of a transaction on a public blockchain that is signed by a different party on behalf of the original signer, facilitating the inclusion of the original transaction on the blockchain.

  • Metaverse

    A metaverse is a digital realm encompassing real-world elements, including real-time interactions and economies, offering a distinctive experience to its users.

  • Metcalfe’s Law

    Metcalfe's Law states that the value of a network increases as the number of its users grows, emphasizing the network effect.

  • Micro Cap

    In the financial sector, a digital asset with a relatively low market capitalization is commonly referred to as a micro-cap stock/asset/cryptocurrency.

  • Micropayment

    A micropayment refers to a small online transaction, sometimes as tiny as a fraction of a cent.

  • Microtransaction

    Microtransactions involve a business model where minimal payments can be exchanged for common digital goods and services, such as individual pages of an ebook or in-game items.

  • Mid Cap

    Mid cap refers to a cryptocurrency's market value, calculated through mathematical computation, falling within the range of $1 billion to $10 billion in market capitalization.

  • MilliBitcoin

    MilliBitcoin (mBTC) is a sub-unit of Bitcoin, representing one-thousandth of a BTC, the renowned and valuable cryptocurrency worldwide.

  • Mimetic Theory

    Mimetic theory explores human behavior and culture, particularly in the context of economics, to understand how certain things become desirable to individuals.

  • Mineable

    Certain cryptocurrencies offer a system where miners can receive newly created tokens as rewards for contributing their hash power to create blocks.

  • Miners

    Participants in the mining process contribute to a blockchain's operations and maintenance.

  • Minimum Collateralization Ratio (MCR)

    The Minimum Collateralization Ratio (MCR) represents the minimum amount of collateral required to secure a specific loan.

  • Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

    A Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is a product that incorporates enough features to attract early-adopting customers and validate the viability of a product concept.

  • Mining

    Cryptocurrency mining involves the addition of blocks to a blockchain to verify transactions. It is also the process by which new Bitcoin and certain altcoins are generated.

  • Mining Algorithm

    Within blockchain technology, a mining algorithm consists of a set of rules or instructions that a computer follows to generate a valid block.

  • Mining as a Service (MaaS)

    Cloud mining or mining-as-a-service enables users to lease the mining capacity of hardware from companies.

  • Mining Contract

    An alternative term for cloud mining, where users have the option to rent or invest in mining capacity online.

  • Mining Difficulty

    The mining difficulty of a cryptocurrency refers to the level of complexity involved in finding the correct hash for the subsequent block.

  • Mining Farm

    A mining farm refers to the collective effort of a group of miners who work together for various benefits, such as optimizing energy consumption.

  • Mining Pool

    It is an arrangement where multiple miners combine their resources to enhance the probability of discovering the next block.

  • Mining Reward

    The earnings that miners receive upon successfully discovering and validating a block.

  • Mining Rig

    Mining equipment refers to the specialized hardware utilized for cryptocurrency mining.

  • Minnow

    An alternative term to "Fish," used to describe an individual with a modest cryptocurrency investment.

  • Minting

    Minting refers to the process of generating new coins using the proof-of-stake mechanism and introducing them into circulation for trading.

  • Mnemonic Phrase

    A recovery phrase or seed phrase is a list of words used in a specific sequence to access or restore your crypto assets.

  • Mnemonics

    Mnemonics are memory aids that employ systems such as letters or associations to assist in recall. (*see Mnemonic Phrase)

  • Mobile Wallet

    A mobile wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet installed on a mobile device.

  • Moloch DAO

    Moloch DAO can refer to the DAO framework itself, a description of a DAO utilizing the framework, or the name of the Ethereum grant-giving DAO that initially developed the framework.

  • Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS)

    The Monetary Authority of Singapore is the central bank responsible for managing the money supply, regulating interest rates, controlling inflation, and maintaining the value of the Singaporean currency.

  • Monetary Policy

    Monetary policy refers to a set of rules established by a country's central bank to govern the supply of money.

  • Money

    Money serves as a widely accepted medium of exchange, facilitating trade and providing a means for storing wealth.

  • Money Flow Index (MFI)

    The Money Flow Index (MFI) is a technical indicator that gauges the buying or selling pressure of an asset by analyzing its price and volume.

  • Money Laundering

    Money laundering is a technique employed by illegal businesses to conceal their funds from authorities.

  • Money Market

    A money market refers to a financial market where short-term lending or borrowing activities occur.

  • Money Transfer License

    Money transmitter businesses must obtain an MTL (Money Transmitter License) to operate legally.

  • Monopoly

    Monopoly is a market structure characterized by a single seller who controls the supply of a specific good or service.

  • Moon

    Mooning refers to a situation where the price of a cryptocurrency experiences a continuous upward movement. This term is often used in communities to speculate on when a cryptocurrency will undergo such a phenomenon, expressing anticipation.

  • Moore's Law

    Moore's Law posits that the speed and capabilities of computers will increase annually, even as costs decrease.

  • Motoko Programming Language (DFINITY)

    The programming language used for developing projects that run on the Internet Computer blockchain.

  • Move (Programming Language)

    Move is a programming language initially developed by the Diem Association, a tech consortium supported by Meta, for building the Diem blockchain.

  • Move-to-Earn

    Move-to-earn is a concept that incentivizes users to engage in physical activity by rewarding them with cryptocurrencies.

  • Moving Average (MA)

    A Moving Average (MA) is an indicator used in technical analysis to smooth out price fluctuations and identify trends in the market.

  • Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)

    Moving Average (MA) is a technical analysis tool used by market experts to predict the direction of an asset's trend based on market trends and price movements.

  • Mt. Gox

    Multi-chain is a term that promotes blockchain interoperability and decentralization, allowing different blockchain networks to communicate and interact with each other.

  • Multi-Chain

    A multi-coin wallet, also known as a multi-chain wallet, enables users to store multiple cryptocurrencies from various blockchain networks.

  • Multi-Coin Wallet

    Multi-level marketing (MLM) is a business model where sales teams, organized in a hierarchical structure, sell products on behalf of a company and earn commissions based on their sales performance.

  • Multi-level Marketing

    Multi-party computation (MPC) as-a-service is a business model where consumers can rent MPC nodes from a service provider instead of building or purchasing them independently.

  • Multi-Party Computation

    Multisignature crypto wallets provide an added layer of security by requiring multiple signatures to authorize a transaction, enhancing security and preventing unauthorized access.

  • Multi-Party Computation as-a-Service

    Multi-party computation (MPC) is a cryptographic technique that involves distributing computation operations among multiple parties, ensuring that no single entity can access the data of other parties.

  • Multi-Signature (Multi-Sig)

    Multisignature crypto wallets provide an extra layer of security by requiring multiple keys to authorize a transaction.

  • Multisignature

    Mutual credit is a network-based exchange system where money is created within the network and serves as a medium of exchange.

  • Mutual Credit Line

    DNV and VeChain have built a digital assurance system on the blockchain.

  • My Story (VeChain)

    The negative volume index (NVI) is a powerful technical indicator that reveals the influence of low-volume time frames on price.

  • Negative Volume Index (NVI)

    A Network-Enhanced Virtual Machine (NEVM) combines the strengths of both the Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) networks.

  • Network

    A newb is a term used to describe someone who is new to a particular industry.

  • Network Latency

    A network refers to all the nodes operating on a blockchain at any given time.

  • Network-Enhanced Virtual Machine (NEVM)

    Network latency measures the time it takes for communication between computers on different networks.

  • Newb

    NFT royalties allow creators to earn a percentage of the sale value each time their NFT is sold on the secondary market.

  • NFT Royalties

    Nick Szabo is credited as the inventor of Bit Gold and the concept of smart contracts.

  • Nick Szabo

    Nick Szabo is a renowned computer scientist and cryptographer credited with inventing Bit Gold, a precursor to Bitcoin.

  • Nifty Gateway

    Nifty Gateway is an exclusive NFT platform popular within the blockchain world. It combines crypto-technology with collectible artworks, offering a range of high-value, tradable assets with investment potential.

  • No-Coiner

    Node.js is a cross-platform JavaScript runtime environment used for server-side and desktop applications.

  • Node

    Nominators are one of the two main participants in a blockchain network that uses the nominated proof-of-stake (NPoS) consensus algorithm.

  • Node.js

    A node is the fundamental unit of blockchain infrastructure that stores data.

  • Nominators

    A non-custodial setup typically refers to the storage of keys in wallets or exchanges, where the user retains direct control over their private keys.

  • Non-Custodial

    In the context of wallets or exchanges, a non-custodial setup refers to a configuration where users hold their private keys directly, ensuring greater control and security.

  • Non-fungible Assets

    The term "non-fungible assets" pertains to assets within a collection that lack fungibility, meaning they are unique and not interchangeable, typically issued by a single entity.

  • Non-Fungible Token (NFT)

    Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are cryptocurrencies that possess the characteristic of non-fungibility, distinguishing them from other cryptocurrencies that are interchangeable.

  • Nonce

    In the process of hashing a transaction, miners generate a unique and one-time-use arbitrary number known as a nonce.

  • Notarization on Blockchain

    Notarization on the blockchain takes advantage of the inherent nature and benefits of blockchain technology to enable anyone to create timestamped artifacts.

  • Off-Chain

    A transaction conducted outside the blockchain network, offering faster processing and lower fees.

  • Off-Chain Governance

    Off-chain governance refers to a form of blockchain governance where decisions are made outside the primary code base of the blockchain, often through informal processes.

  • Off-Chain Transaction

    An off-chain transaction refers to a transaction that occurs on a second-layer protocol, allowing value to be transferred outside of the main blockchain network.

  • Off-Ledger Currency

    An off-chain currency is created outside the specified blockchain ledger but is still accepted and used.

  • Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC)

    The Office of the Comptroller (OCC) is a branch of the U.S. Treasury responsible for regulating national banks, federal savings associations, and foreign bank agencies.

  • Offline Storage

    Cold storage refers to the practice of storing cryptocurrencies in offline devices or systems that are not connected to the internet, enhancing security.

  • Offshore Account

    An offshore account refers to a foreign bank account holding assets and investments located outside an individual's country of origin or residence.

  • OHM Fork

    OlympusDAO or Ohm Forks are variations of OlympusDAO's codebase that have spawned various derivative products.

  • On-Balance Volume (OBV)

    On-balance volume (OBV) is a technical indicator used in trading to predict price movements based on the volume of assets traded.

  • On-Chain

    Transactions that are directly recorded on the blockchain itself and shared with all participants are referred to as on-chain transactions.

  • On-Chain Governance

    On-chain governance is a decentralized framework for organizing and implementing updates and improvements to blockchain networks.

  • On-Ledger Currency

    A native currency minted and used exclusively on a blockchain ledger, such as Bitcoin.

  • One Cancels the Other Order (OCO)

    A scenario where two cryptocurrency orders are placed simultaneously, with a rule dictating that if one is accepted, the other is automatically cancelled.

  • Online Storage

    Hot storage refers to the practice of storing cryptocurrencies in devices or systems that are connected to the internet.

  • Ontorand Consensus Engine (Ontology)

    The Ontorand Consensus Engine is the VBFT consensus mechanism utilized by the Ontology blockchain.

  • Open Source

    Open source is a philosophy promoting the free and open sharing of information for the benefit of all.

  • Open/Close

    The opening price of a cryptocurrency at a specific time period or the software principle of designing parts that can be extended.

  • OpenSea

    OpenSea is a decentralized peer-to-peer platform dedicated to trading non-fungible tokens (NFTs).

  • Opera Mainnet (Fantom)

    Opera (Fantom) is a permissionless and open-source framework that enables participation in the network through staking and governance.

  • Operating System (OS)

    An operating system (OS) serves as an intermediary between hardware and users, managing software and resources.

  • Optimistic Oracle

    An optimistic oracle employs a dispute/arbitration process to ensure the accuracy of data, distinguishing it from a price-feed oracle that relies on nodes for consistent on-chain price data.

  • Optimistic Rollup

    An optimistic rollup is a layer-2 scaling solution that utilizes off-chain computation to securely record transactions in layer 2.

  • Option

    An options contract grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a predetermined strike price.

  • Options Market

    A public options market enables buyers to purchase or sell a cryptocurrency at a specific strike price on or before a set date.

  • Oracle Manipulation

    Oracle manipulation occurs when hackers manipulate an oracle smart contract.

  • Oracles

    An oracle acts as an agent that discovers and verifies information, bridging the gap between the blockchain and the real world by providing data to smart contracts for execution under predefined conditions.

  • Order Book

    An order book contains vital information about an asset, including buy and sell orders.

  • Orphan

    A valid block on the blockchain that is not part of the main chain is known as an orphaned block.

  • Orphaned Block

    Ouroboros Praos is a proof-of-stake consensus mechanism developed by IOHK and represents an updated version of Ouroboros Classic.

  • Ouroboros Praos

    Ouroboros Praos, developed by IOHK, is an updated version of the proof-of-stake consensus mechanism known as Ouroboros Classic.

  • Over-Collateralization

    Over-collateralization (OC) is the practice of providing collateral that exceeds the value needed to cover potential losses in the event of default.

  • Over-the-Counter (OTC)

    Over-the-counter (OTC) transactions occur outside of traditional exchanges, often through private trades between parties.

  • Over-the-Counter (OTC) Trading

    Over-the-counter (OTC) refers to the trading of securities through a broker-dealer network rather than a centralized exchange.

  • Overbought

    A cryptocurrency that experiences a continuous increase in price over an extended period of time, attracting more investors.

  • Oversold

    A cryptocurrency that experiences a continuous decrease in price over an extended period of time, leading to more investors selling.

  • P2P Bridge

    A P2P bridge is a feature on decentralized exchanges (DEX) that allows users to directly swap the same cryptocurrency across two different blockchain protocols without involving a third party.

  • P2P DEX

    A peer-to-peer decentralized exchange (P2P DEX) is a blockchain-based application that facilitates direct trading between users.

  • P2P Trading

    Peer-to-peer (P2P) trading involves decentralized transactions where users directly exchange cryptocurrencies with each other.

  • Pair

    Trading between two different cryptocurrencies, such as the BTC/ETH trading pair.

  • Paper Trading

    Paper trading, also known as simulated trading, involves practicing trading strategies in a virtual environment without using real capital.

  • Paper Wallet

    A physical document that contains a private key or seed phrase used for accessing cryptocurrency wallets.

  • Parachain

    Parachains are application-specific data structures that run parallel to each other within the Polkadot network.

  • Participation Node

    Participation nodes are essential components of the Algorand platform, aiding in the execution of the Pure Proof of Stake (PPoS) consensus algorithm.

  • Passive Income

    Passive income refers to earnings generated from investments that do not require active involvement from the earner.

  • Password Manager

    A password manager is a tool or software that securely stores passwords for various online applications and services.

  • Paul Le Roux

    Paul Le Roux is a criminal figure believed by some to be the mysterious founder of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto.

  • Payee

    A payee is a party involved in a transaction who receives payment for goods or services.

  • Peer-to-Peer (P2P)

    The decentralized allocation of tasks or workloads among peers within a distributed network.

  • Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Lending

    Crypto P2P lending is the practice of lending assets directly between individuals without the need for intermediaries. These loans are typically collateralized using assets owned by the borrowers.

  • Peg

    A "peg" represents a predetermined price for exchanging one asset for another.

  • Pegged Currency

    A stablecoin is a type of currency that maintains a fixed value relative to a real-world asset, such as a fiat currency.

  • Permissioned Ledger

    A permissioned ledger is a ledger designed with restrictions, allowing only authorized individuals or organizations to access it.

  • Permissionless

    In the context of blockchains, a system is considered permissionless when there is no central authority regulating who can use it or how it can be used.

  • Perpetual Contracts

    A perpetual contract is a derivative contract similar to a futures contract but without an expiration date.

  • Phishing

    Scammers engage in impersonation tactics, pretending to be trusted institutions or individuals in order to deceive people into divulging sensitive information such as Social Security numbers, passwords, and banking details.

  • Phone Phishing

    Phone phishing, also known as vishing or telephone scam, refers to the fraudulent and malicious practice of using phone calls to extort money or obtain sensitive information from individuals.

  • Physical Bitcoins

    A physical Bitcoin refers to a tangible token that typically features an intricate design and includes a public key and private key.

  • Platform

    The term "platform" refers to the parent blockchain network of tokens. It can also refer to a crypto exchange where trading takes place.

  • Play-to-Earn (Play2Earn)

    Play-to-earn blockchain games offer an innovative way for individuals to earn money by actively participating in gaming experiences.

  • Player Payout

    Player payouts involve the automatic disbursement of funds to online gaming participants immediately after the conclusion of a tournament.

  • Plutus (Cardano)

    Cardano utilizes a scripting language for the development of smart contracts on its blockchain network.

  • Politeia (Decred)

    Decred's decentralized governance platform facilitates the submission, tracking, and discussion of proposals for new ideas by stakeholders.

  • Ponzi Scheme

    A Ponzi scheme is a fraudulent investment scheme in which returns to existing investors are paid using funds contributed by new investors.

  • Portfolio

    A portfolio is a collection of cryptocurrencies or crypto assets held by an individual, investment company, hedge fund, financial institution, or other entity.

  • Portfolio Tracking

    Portfolio tracking refers to the monitoring and evaluation of the movement and performance of one's financial assets.

  • Position Size

    Position size refers to the quantity of units of a trading instrument that are bought or sold.

  • Post-Mine

    Post-mining involves the retrospective creation of new coins after the launch of a cryptocurrency but before public mining is enabled.

  • Pre-IDO

    Pre-IDO refers to token offerings that occur prior to the actual initial DEX offering (IDO) event.

  • Pre-Mine

    Pre-mining is the generation of some or all of a coin's initial supply before or during the public launch.

  • Pre-Sale

    A private sale involves the sale of a cryptocurrency to specific investors before it becomes publicly available.

  • Prediction Market

    Prediction Markets are exchange-traded markets where participants trade on the anticipated outcomes of future events, reflecting the crowd's confidence in those outcomes.

  • Price Impact

    Slippage refers to the discrepancy between the market price and the estimated price resulting from the size of the trade.

  • Private Blockchain

    A private blockchain is a specific type of blockchain where authority over the network is held by a single organization exclusively.

  • Private Key/Secret Key

    In asymmetric-key encryption, a code is generated and paired with a public key to decrypt information that has been hashed using the corresponding public key.

  • Procedural Programming

    Procedural programming involves a sequence of instructions that guide a computer step-by-step to accomplish a specific task.

  • Profit and Loss (P&L) Statement

    A profit and loss (P&L) statement is a financial document that summarizes the earnings, costs, and expenses incurred during a designated period.

  • Programmability

    Programmability refers to the capability of something to follow given instructions.

  • Proof of Attendance Protocol

    The Proof of Attendance Protocol (POAP) utilizes the ERC-721 NFT protocol on Ethereum to offer businesses the ability to prove attendance.

  • Proof of Reserves (PoR)

    Proof of Reserves (PoR) employs cryptographic verification to demonstrate the possession of digital assets.

  • Proof-of-Authority (PoA)

    A blockchain consensus mechanism that enables fast transactions by utilizing identity as a stake.

  • Proof-of-Burn

    Proof-of-burn is a mechanism designed to enhance the efficiency and security of a blockchain by preventing fraudulent transactions and "burning" coins as a cost.

  • Proof-of-Burn (PoB)

    A blockchain consensus mechanism that aims to increase energy efficiency by verifying the cost incurred in "burning" a coin and using it to bootstrap one blockchain to another.

  • Proof-of-Developer (PoD)

    Verification that provides evidence of a real software developer's identity who created a cryptocurrency, aiming to prevent anonymous developers from absconding with raised funds.

  • Proof-of-Donation

    Proof-of-donation involves integrating charitable donations into the functionality of a blockchain.

  • Proof-of-History (PoH)

    Proof of History (PoH) utilizes internal clocks in nodes to validate events and time, with incoming events being hashed using a verifiable delay function (VDF).

  • Proof-of-Immutability (PoIM)

    Proof-of-Immutability (PoIM) allows the blockchain to maintain decentralized and provably immutable data without the need to distribute the data among nodes.

  • Proof-of-Replication

    Proof-of-replication (PoRep) is the method by which a storage miner proves to the network that they are storing a completely unique copy of a specific piece of data.

  • Proof-of-Spacetime

    In simple terms, PoSt ensures that an individual can guarantee they are utilizing a specific amount of storage space.

  • Proof-of-Stake (PoS)

    A blockchain consensus mechanism that combines Proof-of-Work (PoW) to maintain the integrity of the blockchain.

  • Proof-of-Time (PoT)

    Proof-of-Time (PoT) is a decentralized, scalable, verifiably secure, and environmentally-friendly consensus algorithm.

  • Proof-of-Validation

    Proof-of-validation (PoV) is a unique Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism that achieves consensus through staked validator nodes.

  • Proof-of-Work (PoW)

    A blockchain consensus mechanism that involves solving computationally intensive puzzles to validate transactions and create new blocks, similar to Proof-of-Stake (PoS).

  • Protocol

    The rules and interactions that define consensus, transaction validation, and network participation on a blockchain network.

  • Protocol Layer

    The protocol layer of a blockchain refers to the set of rules and processes that govern the operation of the network.

  • Pseudonymous

    Writing under a pseudonym or false identity, such as using the name "Satoshi Nakamoto."

  • Public Address

    A public address is generated through the cryptographic hash of a public key, allowing users to receive payments by sharing it as an address.

  • Public Blockchain

    A blockchain that is accessible to anyone and can be viewed and utilized by the public.

  • Public Key

    A public key is a string of alphanumeric characters used to encrypt plain text messages into ciphertext, ensuring secure communication.

  • Public Sale

    A public sale represents the final phase of an Initial Coin Offering (ICO), during which a company offers its tokens to the general public at a significant discount before listing them on cryptocurrency exchanges.

  • Public-Key Cryptography

    Public-key cryptography encompasses a collection of algorithms and cryptographic procedures that encrypt and scramble confidential data, making it appear random.

  • Public-Key Infrastructure

    A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a system consisting of roles, rules, hardware, software, and processes for creating, managing, distributing, using, storing, and revoking digital certificates.

  • Pump and Dump (P&D) Scheme

    Crypto pumping involves fraudulent practices aimed at artificially inflating the price of a cryptocurrency through misleading and false positive statements.

  • Pure Proof of Stake (PPoS)

    Pure Proof of Stake (PPoS) serves as Algorand's consensus mechanism, enabling the random selection of validators based on the consistency of their stakes.

  • Put Option

    A put option contract grants the owner the opportunity, but not the obligation, to purchase an underlying security at a specified price within a designated time frame.

  • Pyramid Scheme

    A pyramid scheme is a fraudulent scheme characterized by a hierarchical structure that relies on recruiting participants who contribute funds to benefit those higher up in the pyramid.

  • QR Code

    A QR code is a machine-readable label displaying encoded information in a graphical black-and-white pattern.

  • Quant Zone (FTX Exchange)

    A trading tool designed to create and share trading strategies specifically for the FTX exchange.

  • Quantum Bit (Qubit)

    A qubit, short for quantum bit, is a unit of measurement for quantum information, representing the fundamental building block for quantum computing.

  • Quantum Computing

    A quantum computer leverages phenomena from quantum mechanics to perform significantly more efficient computations compared to classical computers based on older technologies.

  • Quasar Smart Contract (OMG Foundation)

    The OMG Network's smart contract addresses layer-2 blockchain challenges and offers solutions.

  • Rage-quit

    Rage-quit refers to the process in which a member of a Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) withdraws part or all of their stake, receives a proportionate share of the assets in the DAO's treasury, and ceases their participation.

  • Raiden Network

    An off-chain scaling solution aims to enable fast, low-cost, and scalable payments on the Ethereum blockchain, similar to Bitcoin's proposed Lightning Network.

  • Rank

    Market capitalization rank indicates the relative position of a cryptocurrency based on its market value.

  • Ransomware

    Ransomware is a type of malicious software used by hackers to steal or encrypt files from victims and demand a ransom in exchange for decryption or restoration.

  • Rebalancing

    Rebalancing involves adjusting the weightage of assets in a portfolio periodically to maintain a desired level of asset allocation and risk.

  • Rebase

    An elastic token is designed to automatically adjust its circulating supply according to price fluctuations.

  • Recovery Seed

    A recovery seed is a security code generated cryptographically and composed of a list of random words, typically ranging from 12 to 14, used for wallet or account recovery.

  • Recursion

    Recursion refers to a function calling itself directly or indirectly in a cyclic loop.

  • Redundancy

    Redundancy refers to something that exceeds the necessary requirements for normal operation.

  • Regenerative Economy

    A regenerative economy is a circular economic system that benefits both the environment and society as a whole.

  • Regenerative Finance (ReFi)

    Regenerative Finance refers to a system that replenishes its resource capacity over time.

  • Regens

    Regen, similar to degen, is a term used to describe a crypto user who actively engages in ReFi communities or invests in tokens leveraging blockchain technology to promote positive environmental impact.

  • Regional/Local/Community Currencies

    Regional, local, and community currencies are specific forms of exchange used within defined geographical locations.

  • Regulated

    Regulation refers to the process of controlling something through a specific set of rules.

  • Regulatory Compliance

    Regulatory compliance comprises a set of mandates that companies and industries are obligated to adhere to in order to ensure accountability in their operations.

  • Rehypothecation

    Rehypothecation is when banks or brokers use assets posted as collateral by their clients for their own purposes.

  • Rehypothecation

    Rehypothecation refers to the practice in which brokers or banks utilize the assets pledged by clients as collateral for their own benefit.

  • REKT

    Wrecked is a colloquial term used to describe a significant loss in a trade or investment.

  • Relative Strength Index (RSI)

    A momentum oscillator is a type of technical analysis tool that measures the speed and magnitude of price movements.

  • Relay Chain

    The Relay Chain serves as the central chain within the Polkadot network, facilitating its operation.

  • Relay Nodes

    Relay nodes play a crucial role in ensuring communication among block-producing nodes, preserving the authenticity of core nodes and the blockchain, even in the event of relay hacks.

  • Renewable Energy

    Renewable energy is generated from sources like solar and wind, which are continually replenished on a regular basis.

  • Repair Miners

    Repair miners are a proposed type of mining node in the Filecoin network designed to address network issues and maintain the system's integrity.

  • Replay Attack

    Replay attacks are security attacks that involve intercepting communications between a sender and receiver.

  • Replicated Ledger

    A distributed ledger copy is a replica of the ledger distributed to all participants in a cryptocurrency network.

  • Resistance (Line/Level)

    The highest price level reached by an asset during a specific period.

  • Retargeting

    A retargeting algorithm, also known as a difficulty adjustment algorithm, is utilized in proof-of-work blockchains like Bitcoin to regulate mining difficulty.

  • Revenue Participation Tokens

    Revenue participation tokens represent a two-token system consisting of a participation token and a payout token.

  • Reverse ICO

    In a reverse ICO, an established company raises funds by selling tokens to transition its structure towards decentralization.

  • Reverse Indicator

    A person who serves as a negative indicator for placing buy or sell orders in cryptocurrencies due to their consistently inaccurate price movement predictions.

  • Ring CT (Confidential Transactions)

    RingCT is the method used in Monero to conceal transaction amounts.

  • Ring Miners

    Ring miners are network participants in the Loopring protocol responsible for managing order rings and ensuring successful trades for all involved parties.

  • Ring Signature

    A cryptographic digital signature that masks the identities of two parties involved in a transaction.

  • Roadmap

    A roadmap is a visual summary outlining the vision and direction of a specific product at a high level.

  • Roger Ver

    Roger Ver, also known as Bitcoin Jesus, has long been an advocate for Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash.

  • ROI

    ROI is an abbreviation for "Return on Investment," representing the ratio between net profit and investment cost.

  • Roth IRA

    Roth IRAs are often considered an ideal investment option if you anticipate higher taxes during retirement compared to the present.

  • Ruby (Programming Language)

    Ruby is a high-level programming language designed with an emphasis on simplicity and code readability.

  • Rug Pull

    A rug pull refers to a scam tactic in which developers abandon a project and abscond with the funds invested by others.

  • Rust

    Rust is a programming language that supports multiple paradigms and shares similarities with C++.

  • Ryuk Ransomware

    Ryuk ransomware is a type of malicious software used in ransomware attacks that was first identified in August 2018.

  • S&P 500 (Standard and Poor's 500)

    The S&P 500, short for the Standard and Poor's 500, is a stock market index that represents a collection of 500 publicly traded companies in the United States and tracks their performance.

  • Satoshi (SATS)

    Satoshi is the smallest unit of Bitcoin, with a value of 0.00000001 BTC.

  • Satoshi Nakamoto

    The individuals or group responsible for creating Bitcoin are still unknown and operate under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto.

  • Scaling Problem

    The scaling problem refers to the limitations faced by a blockchain in terms of transaction throughput and the ability to facilitate fast and cost-effective transactions.

  • Scaling Solution

    A scaling solution is a method implemented to enable a system to expand and handle increased demand.

  • Scam

    A scam is a fraudulent scheme designed to deceive individuals and trick them out of their money or cryptocurrencies.

  • Scamcoin

    Scamcoins are coins that are created by developers as "get rich quick schemes" and are typically associated with fraudulent intentions.

  • Scammer

    A scammer is an individual who engages in fraudulent activities and participates in scams to deceive others.

  • Scholarship/Scholar

    In the Axie Infinity universe, a scholarship is a common practice where managers lend their free Axies to new players, known as scholars, allowing them to earn passive income from battle rewards.

  • Script

    A computer script is a collection of commands that are executed by a specific program or scripting language.

  • Scripting Programming Language

    A scripting language is a programming language that eliminates the need for compilation and executes commands one at a time using high-level constructs.

  • Scrypt

    Scrypt is an alternative proof-of-work (PoW) algorithm to SHA-256, commonly used in Bitcoin mining. It relies more on memory than pure CPU power to reduce the advantage of ASICs.

  • Second-Layer Solutions

    Scalability and efficiency solutions built on public blockchains, such as Plasma, TrueBit, and Lightning Network, extend capabilities for micro-transactions and other actions.

  • Secondary Market

    In a secondary market, investors and traders have the opportunity to buy and sell various assets or securities they own with others.

  • Secure Asset Fund for Users (SAFU)

    SAFU stands for "Secure Asset Fund for Users," an insurance fund established by Binance to provide protection in emergency cases.

  • Secure Element

    A secure element is a specialized hardware chip designed to run specific applications.

  • Secure Multi-Party Computation (sMPC)

    Secure Multiparty Computation (SMPC) is a cryptographic subfield that enables parties to compute a function while maintaining privacy over their inputs.

  • Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

    The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government responsible for enforcing securities laws, proposing rules, and regulating the securities industry.

  • Security

    Securities are financial instruments that are fungible and tradeable, carrying a certain monetary value.

  • Security Token

    A security token represents a digital version of traditional securities.

  • Security Token Offering

    A security token offering (STO) refers to a public offering where digital securities in the form of tokens are sold.

  • Seed Phrase

    A seed phrase serves as the initial point for deriving keys in a deterministic wallet.

  • Segregated Witness (SegWit)

    Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) is a proposal aimed at addressing transaction malleability on the Bitcoin network.

  • Selfish Mining

    A hidden block occurs when a miner successfully mines a new block but does not broadcast it to other miners.

  • Sell Wall

    A whale dump refers to a situation where a large sell order is placed to trigger when a cryptocurrency reaches a specific value.

  • Semantic Web

    The goal of the Semantic Web is to enable computers to manipulate information on behalf of users.

  • Series B Funding

    A Series B funding round represents the second round of funding for a business.

  • Settlement

    Settlement refers to the process of executing limit or market orders on an order-book-based decentralized exchange (DEX).

  • Settlement Layer

    A settlement layer functions as a foundational layer that supports an entire ecosystem.

  • SHA-256

    The cryptographic hash function used in Bitcoin's proof-of-work (PoW) generates a 256-bit signature for a given text.

  • Shanghai Upgrade

    The Shanghai Upgrade will introduce the capability for users to unstake and withdraw their ETH from the network.

  • Shard

    A shard refers to a segment of a blockchain network that has been divided into multiple shards, each containing its own set of data.

  • Shard Chain

    Sharding, in the world of cryptocurrencies, aims to reduce network congestion and increase transactions per second by creating new chains.

  • Sharding

    Sharding is an approach to scaling that involves partitioning blockchain states into separate segments, allowing parallel processing of each shard.

  • Shelley Phase

    The Shelley Phase, the second era of Cardano, is named after Percy Shelley, an influential English poet.

  • Shiba Inu Token (SHIB)

    The Shiba Inu token (SHIB) is a decentralized memecoin built on the Ethereum network.

  • Shielded Address

    A shielded address is generated for a transaction that prioritizes privacy by keeping associated information confidential on the blockchain network.

  • Shielded Transaction

    A shielded transaction is a transaction that occurs between two shielded addresses, emphasizing privacy and anonymity.

  • Shilling

    Shilling refers to the enthusiastic promotion of a cryptocurrency or ICO project.

  • Shitcoin

    A shitcoin refers to a cryptocurrency that lacks clear potential value or utility.

  • SHO (Strong Holder Offering)

    A strong holder offering (SHO) is a fundraising mechanism where eligible investors are selected based on their on-chain activities and other proprietary data sets.

  • Short

    Short selling is a trading technique in which a trader borrows an asset to sell it, expecting its price to decline further.

  • Short Squeeze

    A short squeeze is an uncommon market condition where a coin's price rapidly increases, prompting traders who bet against the token's price to buy it quickly to avoid losses.

  • Side Channel Attack

    A side channel attack is a hacking method that exploits unintentional signals or clues from a computer to gather information.

  • Sidechain

    A sidechain is an independent blockchain that is connected to its parent blockchain through a two-way peg.

  • Signal

    Signals in trading refer to actionable calls to either buy or sell an asset.

  • Silk Road

    An illicit online marketplace that operated on the dark web, subsequently shut down by the FBI.

  • SIM-Swap

    A fraudulent scheme that exploits vulnerabilities in two-factor authentication measures.

  • Simple Agreement for Future Token (SAFT)

    A Simple Agreement for Future Token (SAFT) is a contractual agreement established during the token launch phase, granting ownership rights to token investors at a future date.

  • Simplified Payment Verification (SPV)

    A lightweight client designed to verify transactions on a blockchain.

  • Skynet

    A decentralized content storage platform built on the Sia blockchain.

  • Slashing

    Slashing serves as a penalty mechanism implemented in Proof of Stake (PoS) networks to ensure accountability.

  • Slippage

    Slippage occurs when traders are forced to accept a different price than their initial request due to price fluctuations.

  • Slot (Cardano)

    The shortest time interval within the Cardano blockchain.

  • Smart Contract

    A smart contract is a computer protocol that facilitates, verifies, or enforces a contract on the blockchain without the need for intermediaries.

  • Smart Contract Audit

    A smart contract audit is a security assessment conducted by cybersecurity professionals to ensure that the on-chain code of a smart contract is free from bugs or security vulnerabilities.

  • Smart Home

    A smart home refers to the application of technology that enables the management and automation of household systems, including lighting, doors, thermostats, security alarms, and other connected devices, from a remote location.

  • Smart Token

    Smart tokens are tokens that not only carry value but also include all the necessary information to execute transactions simultaneously.

  • Smart Treasury (Balancer)

    In the DeFi industry, a smart treasury is a mechanism that automatically repurchases project tokens.

  • Snapshot

    A snapshot in the blockchain context refers to capturing and documenting the state of a blockchain at a specific block height.

  • Social Engineering

    Social engineering involves deceptive tactics aimed at manipulating individuals into taking certain actions or divulging confidential information.

  • Soft Cap

    The minimum fundraising target set by an initial coin offering (ICO).

  • Soft Fork (Blockchain)

    A soft fork is a protocol upgrade that invalidates previously valid transactions, often requiring miners to update their mining software.

  • Soft Peg

    In finance, a soft peg is a method of maintaining a currency's value within a specific range against a reserve currency using an exchange rate regime.

  • Software Wallet

    A software wallet, also known as a wallet app, is an application that enables users to hold, send, and receive cryptocurrencies.

  • Solidity

    The programming language utilized by Ethereum for the development of smart contracts is known as Solidity.

  • Source Code

    A source code refers to a collection of lines or computer-executable commands written in a high-level language.

  • SPAC

    Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC) is an entity formed by investors to facilitate the public listing of an organization, bypassing the complexities associated with the traditional IPO process.

  • Spear Phishing

    Spear phishing denotes a targeted cyber attack that involves personalized messages tailored to exploit individual interests, aiming to deceive recipients into clicking malicious links in emails.

  • Speculative Investment

    Speculative investment involves an investor seeking high returns while assuming a significant risk of potential losses.

  • Spoon (Blockchain)

    A hard spoon is a meta-protocol that operates on top of a blockchain, introducing new features and functionalities.

  • Spot

    A spot transaction refers to a contract or transaction involving the immediate buying or selling of a cryptocurrency, with immediate settlement or delivery on the market.

  • Spot Market

    In a spot market, cryptocurrencies are traded for immediate settlement, contrasting with futures markets where settlement occurs at a later date.

  • Spot Trading

    Spot trading involves the immediate exchange of a financial instrument at its current market price.

  • Spyware

    Spyware is a form of malware that surreptitiously records all activities performed on an electronic device.

  • Stablecoin

    Stablecoin refers to a cryptocurrency with minimal volatility, often used as a means of diversifying investment portfolios. Examples include gold-backed cryptocurrencies or fiat-pegged cryptocurrencies.

  • Stablecoin Maximalist

    Stablecoin maximalism predicts that stablecoins will dominate DeFi. Advocating this, Frax Finance plans to unlock trillions in its stablecoin ecosystem.

  • Stagflation

    Stagflation is an economic phase characterized by simultaneous stagnant growth and rising inflation, where economic expansion and inflation move in opposite directions.

  • Staking

    Staking involves participating in a proof-of-stake (PoS) system by depositing tokens to serve as a validator for the blockchain. In return, participants receive rewards for their contribution.

  • Staking Pool

    Staking pools enable users to combine their resources, increasing their chances of earning rewards in a more collaborative manner. This mechanism boosts the staking power of the network, facilitating the verification and validation of new transactions.

  • Stale Block

    An orphan block is a successfully mined block that is not included in the current longest blockchain. This usually occurs when another block at the same height is added to the chain first.

  • State Channel

    A second-layer scaling solution aims to reduce the number of on-chain transactions required by moving some transactions off-chain. Participants can then sign and submit these transactions to the main chain after multiple off-chain interactions.

  • Stochastic Oscillator

    A stochastic oscillator is a widely used technical indicator for identifying levels of overbought and oversold conditions in stocks, assets, or cryptocurrencies. It relies on analyzing an asset's price history as it tends to fluctuate within certain thresholds.

  • Stop-Loss Order

    A stop-loss order in trading allows investors to set a predefined lowest price at which they are willing to sell an asset. If the asset's price reaches or falls below this threshold, an automatic sell order is triggered to limit potential losses.

  • Storage (Decentralized)

    Decentralized storage involves storing files online by breaking them into encrypted fragments and distributing these fragments across multiple nodes on a distributed network.

  • Storage Miners

    Storage miners are individuals or entities in the cryptocurrency ecosystem who contribute storage space to the network, enabling nodes to achieve consensus and validate transactions.

  • Storage Node

    Storage nodes play a crucial role in the decentralized cloud storage network of Storj. They provide storage capacity and facilitate the secure and efficient storage and retrieval of data.

  • Store of Value

    A store of value refers to an asset, commodity, or currency that can be held and exchanged in the future without losing its inherent value. It serves as a reliable means of preserving wealth over time.

  • Substrate

    Substrate is a web application development framework created by Parity Technologies. It provides developers with a flexible and modular foundation for building blockchain-based applications.

  • Supercomputer

    A supercomputer is an advanced computing system that surpasses the capabilities of a standard general-purpose computer. It possesses significantly higher processing power and can tackle complex computations and data-intensive tasks.

  • Supply and Demand

    Supply and demand are fundamental concepts in economics that determine the willingness of the market to buy or sell assets, goods, or services. Supply refers to the quantity of a product or service available, while demand represents the desire and ability to purchase it.

  • Supply Chain

    A supply chain refers to the sequence of steps and processes that a product or service goes through, from its creation to its delivery to the end customer. It encompasses the flow of goods, information, and services involved in bringing a product to market.

  • Supply Chain Attack

    A supply chain attack is a strategy employed by hackers to compromise the security of major corporations, governments, or organizations by targeting vulnerabilities in their third-party suppliers. By infiltrating the supply chain, attackers can gain access to valuable information or disrupt operations.

  • Support Level

    A support level in the context of cryptocurrencies occurs when the price of a digital asset stops declining due to increased buying activity from traders who wish to purchase at a specific price point. It indicates a level of demand that provides a floor for the asset's price.

  • Surge (Ethereum)

    The Ethereum Surge represents a stage of development in the Ethereum network that involves significant upgrades, particularly the implementation of sharding. It aims to enhance scalability and performance, enabling the network to handle a larger number of transactions and users.

  • Swarm

    A swarm refers to a group of peers participating in a peer-to-peer file-sharing network, particularly in the context of torrenting. The peers in a swarm collectively share and download the same torrent file, facilitating the efficient distribution and retrieval of data.

  • Swing Failure Pattern (SFP)

    A swing failure pattern, also known as SFP, is an indicator used to identify potential trend reversals by detecting weaknesses in the current trend and early signs of reversal.

  • Swing Trading

    Swing trading is a trading strategy focused on profiting from short to medium-term price fluctuations in stocks, commodities, or currencies over a span of days or weeks.

  • Sybil Attack

    Sybil attacks disrupt online networks by creating numerous fake identities, accounts, or nodes to disrupt the balance of power and manipulate the network.

  • Symbol

    The ticker symbol represents a cryptocurrency, such as BTC for Bitcoin, and is used as a shorthand reference in trading and financial markets.

  • Synthetic Asset

    Synthetic assets, also called synths, are hybrid financial instruments that combine elements of cryptocurrencies with traditional derivative assets, allowing for tokenized representation and trading of derivatives.

  • T-Address (Zcash)

    T-addresses are one of the address types used in the privacy-centric cryptocurrency Zcash when transparency is desired for transactions.

  • Taint

    Traceability refers to the ability to track the flow of cryptocurrency from one account to another, indicating the percentage of cryptocurrency in an account that can be traced back to another account.

  • Take Profit

    A take-profit order involves selling cryptocurrency at a predetermined price to lock in profits. It is typically executed when a trade is in a profitable position.

  • Tamper-Proof Ledger

    A tamper-proof ledger refers to a system of records, such as a blockchain, that possesses inherent properties that make it resistant to modification or tampering.

  • Tangle

    The Tangle is an alternative blockchain developed by IOTA, utilizing a directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure. Unlike traditional blockchains, it builds in a single direction without repeating and is resistant to quantum computing.

  • Taproot

    Taproot is a proposed soft fork implementation for Bitcoin aimed at enhancing privacy and improving various aspects related to more complex transactions.

  • Technical Analysis/Trend Analysis (TA)

    Technical analysis is an evaluation method that involves statistical analysis of market data, such as price and volume, using charts and tools to identify patterns and inform investment decisions.

  • Technical Indicators

    A technical indicator is a statistical algorithm or pattern-based tool that utilizes historical price, volume, and/or open interest data to provide indications or signals about a security's or contract's future price movements.

  • Tendermint

    Tendermint is a consensus mechanism that enables secure and consistent launching of applications across different machines.

  • Terahashes Per Second

    Terahashes per second (Th/s) is a unit that measures the computational power of a computer or mining machine, equivalent to one trillion (1,000,000,000,000) hashes per second.

  • Testnet

    A testnet refers to an alternative blockchain used by developers for testing and experimentation purposes.

  • The Barbell Strategy

    Barbell strategy is an investment approach in which investors allocate their funds to extremely high-risk and risk-free assets while avoiding middle-risk assets.

  • The Cantillon Effect

    The Cantillon Effect, conceptualized by Richard Cantillon, refers to the changes in relative prices resulting from alterations in the money supply.

  • The DAO

    The DAO, created in April 2016, stands for the Decentralized Autonomous Organization and is considered the first of its kind, operating on the Ethereum blockchain.

  • The Merge (Ethereum 2.0)

    The merge is a planned network upgrade that aims to combine the Ethereum mainnet with the Beacon Chain, facilitating the transition from the proof-of-work to the proof-of-stake consensus mechanism.

  • Think Long Term (TLT)

    A long-term investment mindset focuses on a horizon of months to years, emphasizing the benefits of holding assets for an extended period.

  • This Is Gentlemen

    Originally an error in writing the full phrase "This is it, gentlemen," "TIA" is now used as an introduction to deliver good news.

  • Throughput

    Throughput represents the number of actions or tasks that can be completed within a specific timeframe.

  • Ticker

    Symbol is an abbreviation used to uniquely identify cryptocurrencies. (See Ticker Symbol.)

  • Ticker Symbol

    The ticker symbol is a unique combination of letters assigned to stocks or cryptocurrencies, distinguishing them on exchanges and trading platforms.

  • Time-Weighted Automated Market Maker (TWAMM)

    Time-Weighted Automated Market Maker (TWAMM) aims to facilitate the execution of large orders for traders with minimal slippage, low gas fees, and without adversely affecting the price.

  • Time-weighted Average Price (TWAP)

    The time-weighted average price (TWAP) is a trading indicator that calculates the average price of an asset over a specific time period, considering its fluctuations.

  • Timelock/Locktime

    Time-locked transaction is a condition that restricts the processing of a transaction to a specific time or block on the blockchain.

  • Timestamp

    Timestamp refers to the specific point in time when a transaction occurred and is recorded on the blockchain.

  • Tipset

    A tipset is a collection of blocks, forming a set rather than a linear chain, that make up a blockchain.

  • Token

    In the context of cryptocurrencies, a token is a digital unit designed with a specific utility in mind. It grants access and enables the utilization of various services or functionalities within a larger crypto economic system.

  • Token Economy

    A decentralized economy is an economic system that operates without the need for intermediaries or third parties, leveraging blockchain technology.

  • Token Generation Event (TGE)

    The token issuance refers to the specific moment when a token is created and made available for use or distribution.

  • Token Issuance

    Token issuance is the process of creating and introducing new tokens into the total supply of a cryptocurrency. It involves generating and distributing tokens to be used within the designated blockchain network.

  • Token Lockup

    Token lockup refers to a specific period during which cryptocurrency tokens are restricted from being traded or exchanged. This restriction is often implemented to control liquidity or to incentivize long-term holding of the tokens.

  • Token Migration

    Token migration refers to the process of transferring tokens from one blockchain to another. This usually occurs when there is a change in the underlying blockchain technology or when a project decides to move its tokens to a different network for various reasons, such as scalability or improved functionality.

  • Token Sale

    A token sale, also known as an initial coin offering (ICO) or token offering, refers to the initial distribution of cryptocurrency tokens to a private pool of investors before they are made available to the general public. This fundraising method allows projects to secure funding and generate interest in their tokens.

  • Token Standard

    The Ethereum Request for Comment (ERC) is the most common token standard used on the Ethereum blockchain. It provides a set of rules and guidelines for the creation and implementation of tokens, ensuring compatibility and interoperability within the Ethereum ecosystem.

  • Token Swap

    Token swap involves the direct exchange of one cryptocurrency token for another between users. This exchange is facilitated by a specialized exchange service or platform, allowing users to convert their tokens seamlessly and efficiently.

  • Tokenize

    Tokenization is the process of converting real-world assets into digital tokens. This process enables the representation and fractional ownership of physical assets, such as real estate or artwork, on a blockchain. Tokenization provides increased liquidity, transparency, and accessibility to traditionally illiquid assets.

  • Tokenized Carbon Credits

    Tokenized carbon credits represent carbon emissions that have been avoided or removed from the environment. Each tokenized carbon credit typically corresponds to the avoidance or removal of one metric tonne of carbon dioxide or its equivalent.

  • Tokenized Securities

    Tokenized securities are digital representations of traditional financial securities, such as stocks or bonds. The ownership of these securities is materialized through the issuance of tokens on a blockchain, enabling easier transferability, fractional ownership, and potentially enhanced liquidity.

  • Tokenized Stocks

    Tokenized stocks are digital assets that represent ownership of traditional stocks. These tokenized stocks can be traded on blockchain-based exchanges, providing investors with the benefits of increased accessibility, fractional ownership, and potentially faster settlement times.

  • Tokenomics

    Tokenomics refers to the study and design of the economic principles and rules that govern a cryptocurrency or token system. It encompasses factors such as token distribution, supply dynamics, incentives, and governance mechanisms.

  • TokenSets (Set Protocol)

    TokenSets is a decentralized platform based on the Set Protocol that enables users to create and manage crypto portfolios. It offers various strategies and investment options to optimize portfolio performance and automate trading strategies.

  • Toll Bridge

    A toll bridge, in the context of blockchain, refers to a smart contract-powered mechanism where users are required to pay a toll fee in the form of cryptocurrency tokens to access additional functionalities or services provided by a decentralized application or platform. The toll fee acts as a gateway or access control mechanism.

  • Tor

    Tor is a decentralized network designed to enhance user privacy by encrypting and redirecting web traffic through multiple relays. This process ensures that users' online activities are anonymized and makes it difficult to trace their internet connections back to their original source.

  • Total Exchange Volume

    Total exchange volume is a metric that quantifies the overall value of trades conducted on one or multiple cryptocurrency exchanges.

  • Total Supply

    The circulating supply refers to the total number of coins currently in circulation, excluding any coins that have been permanently removed from the system.

  • Total Value Locked (TVL)

    Total value locked represents the quantity of assets currently staked or locked within a specific protocol or platform.

  • Trade Volume

    24-hour trading volume represents the total amount of a cryptocurrency that has been traded within the last 24 hours.

  • Trading Bot

    A crypto trading bot is a software program designed to automate cryptocurrency trading activities on behalf of traders.

  • Trading Tournament

    Trading tournaments are special events organized by cryptocurrency exchanges to incentivize users to trade more actively, offering rewards such as tokens and hardware wallets.

  • Trading Volume

    Trading volume refers to the total number of shares, tokens, or coins exchanged between buyers and sellers during a specific trading day.

  • TradingView

    TradingView is an online platform that provides investors and traders with user-friendly charts and technical indicators to analyze financial markets.

  • Transaction (TX)

    Cryptocurrency exchange refers to the process of exchanging one cryptocurrency for another on a blockchain network.

  • Transaction Fee

    Transaction fees are payments made for utilizing the blockchain network to perform transactions.

  • Transaction ID (TXID)

    A transaction ID (TXID) is a unique identifier assigned to each individual blockchain transaction.

  • Transaction Triggers

    Triggers are conditions set on a blockchain that group together various transactions to be executed once specific criteria are met.

  • Transactions Per Second (TPS)

    Transactions per second (TPS) measures the capacity of a computer system or network to perform transactions or calculations within one second.

  • TRC-10 (TRON)

    TRC10 is a token standard that operates on the TRON blockchain network and does not require the TRON Virtual Machine (TVM).

  • TRC-20 Token

    The TRC-20 token standard enables the creation of tokens on the TRON network.

  • Treasury Bills (T-Bills)

    Treasury bills (T-Bills) are short-term debt obligations issued by the U.S. government.

  • Treasury Bond (T-Bond)

    A treasury bond is a debt security backed by the "full faith and credit" of the U.S. Treasury Department, issued by the United States government.

  • Trojan

    A trojan refers to a form of malware that often disguises itself as legitimate software.

  • Truffle

    Truffle is a widely used development environment and testing framework for blockchain applications, primarily used in blockchains utilizing the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM).

  • Trust

    A trust is a fiduciary relationship where one party (the trustor) grants another party (the trustee) the authority to hold property or assets for the benefit of a third party.

  • Trustless

    A trustless environment refers to a system or network where participants do not need to trust each other, and transactions are verified through a decentralized consensus mechanism.

  • Tumbler

    A mixing service is a tool or platform that enhances the anonymity of cryptocurrency funds and transactions.

  • Turing-Complete

    A Turing-complete system is capable of solving any computational problem in principle.

  • Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

    Two-factor authentication (2FA) is a security method that requires two different forms of authentication to gain access to a system or account.

  • Type Checking

    Type checking is a process in programming languages that verifies if each operation in a program aligns with the type declaration rules of the language.

  • TypeScript Programming Language

    TypeScript is an advanced programming language that extends the functionality of JavaScript, providing additional features and capabilities.

  • Typosquatting

    Typosquatting is a deceptive tactic employed by scammers to deceive individuals into accessing fraudulent websites and compromising their sensitive information.

  • Unbanked

    Unbanked refers to individuals who lack access to traditional banking services or choose not to utilize them.

  • Uncle Block (Ommer Block)

    An Uncle Block (Ommer Block) is a block that is discarded in a situation where two blocks are created simultaneously, resulting in one of the blocks being excluded from the blockchain.

  • Unconfirmed

    Pending refers to the state of a transaction that has not yet been added to the blockchain.

  • UNI Token

    The native governance token of Uniswap, the largest decentralized exchange at the time of writing.

  • United States House Committee on Financial Services

    The U.S. House Committee on Financial Services is a congressional committee responsible for overseeing various aspects of the United States' financial and housing sectors.

  • Unpermissioned Ledger

    A public ledger that is openly accessible to anyone and is not controlled by a single entity.

  • Unrealized Profit & Loss

    Unrealized profit and loss occurs when the value of an open position in a security has either increased or decreased, but the position has not yet been closed.

  • Unregulated

    Decentralized refers to something that operates without a central authority or governing institution.

  • Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO)

    Unspent transaction refers to a transaction that has been completed but still has funds that have not been utilized, similar to having leftover change after making a purchase.

  • Unstoppable Domains

    Unstoppable Domains is a San Francisco-based company that offers blockchain-based domain names to users.

  • US Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC)

    The U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) is an agency under the U.S. Treasury Department that focuses on financial intelligence and enforcement.

  • Use Case

    A use case is a description of the interactions between an actor (which can be a person or a system) and a system, leading to a particular outcome or event.

  • User Interface

    The user interface refers to the visual and interactive components of a website or application that allow users to interact with digital devices.

  • UTC Time

    Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is the primary time standard used worldwide for timekeeping and synchronization.

  • Utility Mining

    Utility mining is a mechanism that distributes tokens based on user activity and active participation within a blockchain network.

  • Utility Token

    Utility tokens are specifically designed to facilitate usage and provide value within a particular system or platform.

  • Validator

    A validator is a participant on a proof-of-stake (PoS) blockchain responsible for validating blocks and earning rewards.

  • Vanity Address

    A custom public address in cryptocurrency, typically chosen by the owner and consisting of personalized letters and numbers.

  • Vaporware

    A cryptocurrency project that remains in a conceptual or planning stage and is never fully developed.

  • Venture Capital

    Venture capital is a form of private equity investment that provides funding to early-stage companies with high growth potential.

  • Verification Code

    A verification code is a security measure used to prevent internet bots from abusing or spamming online services.

  • Vesting Period

    Token lockup refers to the practice of restricting the sale or transfer of a token for a specific period of time.

  • Virgin Bitcoin

    Unspent Bitcoin refers to a Bitcoin that has been acquired but has not yet been used in a transaction.

  • Virtual Automated Market Makers (vAMMs)

    A virtual Automated Market Maker (vAMM) is a system that operates entirely on the blockchain, providing synthetic liquidity for trading derivatives.

  • Virtual Commodity Association (VCA)

    The Virtual Commodity Association is a non-profit organization formed by cryptocurrency exchanges and custodians with the goal of establishing a self-regulatory organization for the U.S. virtual currency industry.

  • Virtual Private Network (VPN)

    A virtual private network (VPN) is a technology that creates a secure and encrypted network connection over a public internet connection, ensuring anonymity and privacy.

  • Virtual Reality (VR)

    Virtual reality (VR) technology creates immersive artificial environments that simulate or transcend reality.

  • Virus

    Computer viruses typically infect computers when users unknowingly install them through downloaded files or other means.

  • Vitalik Buterin

    Vitalik Buterin is one of the co-founders of Ethereum, the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization after Bitcoin.

  • Volatility

    Volatility is a statistical measure that quantifies the degree of variation in returns for a security or market index, typically measured by standard deviation or variance.

  • Volume

    Trading volume refers to the total amount of cryptocurrency traded over a specified period, such as the past 24 hours.

  • Wallet

    A digital wallet is a secure platform for cryptocurrency users to store, send, and receive digital assets.

  • Wallstreetbets (WSB)

    Wallstreetbets, also known as /r/wallstreetbets or WSB, is a subreddit where participants discuss stock and options trading.

  • WannaCry Ransomware

    WannaCry is a type of ransomware that can quickly infect and spread across various computer networks.

  • Wasabi Wallet

    Wasabi is an open-source wallet specifically designed for privacy-focused Bitcoin transactions, available on Windows, Linux, and macOS.

  • Wash Trade

    Wash trading refers to a manipulative practice in which investors create artificial activity in the market by simultaneously buying and selling the same cryptocurrencies.

  • Watchdog Organization

    Watchdog organizations are non-profit entities that monitor and assess the actions of governments or other entities on behalf of the public.

  • Watchlist

    A watchlist is a feature on a website that allows users to create personalized lists of cryptocurrencies they want to track.

  • Weak Hands

    A panic seller is an investor who is prone to selling their assets at the first sign of a price decline, often driven by fear or emotional reactions.

  • Web 1.0

    Web 1.0 refers to the early version of the internet characterized by static webpages and limited user interaction.

  • Web 2.0

    Web 2.0 represents the current state of the web, enabling more user-generated content and providing greater stability for front-end users compared to Web 1.0.

  • Web 3.0

    Web 3.0 refers to the upcoming generation of the internet that is expected to introduce advanced technologies and enhanced user experiences.

  • Web3 Foundation

    The Web3 Foundation was established to support the development of decentralized web software protocols and foster innovative technologies and applications.

  • WebSocket

    WebSocket is a technology that facilitates two-way communication between a client (such as a web browser) and a server, enabling real-time data transfer.

  • Wei

    Wei is the smallest fraction of an Ether, with each Ether being equivalent to 1000000000000000000 Wei.

  • Whale

    Whale refers to investors who hold significantly large amounts of cryptocurrency, often possessing enough funds to potentially influence or manipulate the market.

  • When Lambo

    When crypto holders accumulate substantial wealth, they may colloquially refer to affording a Lamborghini, symbolizing luxury and financial success.

  • When Moon

    A phrase commonly used to inquire about the potential explosive growth in cryptocurrency prices.

  • White Hat Computer Hacker

    White hat hackers are cybersecurity experts who use their skills to identify and address vulnerabilities before malicious hackers can exploit them.

  • White Label

    White labeling allows a company to rebrand and resell an existing product under its own brand, after customizing the product framework.

  • White Label Staking

    In white-label staking, crypto holders have a dedicated validator node created for them, which is then managed on their behalf by a third-party operator.

  • White Swan Event

    A white swan event refers to a predictable event that is expected based on available information and forecasting.

  • Whitelist

    A whitelist is a list of interested participants in an initial coin offering (ICO) who have registered their intent to participate or purchase tokens during the sale.

  • Whitepaper

    A whitepaper is a document released by a cryptocurrency project that provides technical details about its concept, along with a roadmap for its growth and success.

  • Winding Down

    Winding down is the process of converting wrapped tokens back into their original form in decentralized finance (DeFi).

  • Winding Up

    In DeFi, winding up involves utilizing various projects to wrap crypto tokens in pursuit of optimal yield generation.

  • x86 Virtual Machine (Qtum)

    The x86 Virtual Machine allows developers on the Qtum blockchain to write smart contracts using their preferred programming language.

  • Yield Curve

    The yield curve illustrates the relationship between the yields and maturities of fixed income securities, represented by a line on a graph.

  • Yield Farming

    Yield farming refers to the practice of earning interest by investing cryptocurrencies in decentralized finance (DeFi) markets.

  • Yield Sensitivity

    Yield sensitivity, also known as interest rate sensitivity, measures the extent to which the price of a fixed income asset changes in response to fluctuations in interest rates.

  • YTD (Year to Date)

    YTD stands for Year to Date, indicating the timeframe from the beginning of the current year to the present.

  • Zero Confirmation Transaction

    An unconfirmed transaction can also be referred to as a pending or outstanding transaction that has not yet been recorded or verified on the blockchain.

  • Zero Confirmation/Unconfirmed Transaction

    In cryptography, zero-knowledge proof allows for the validation of certain information or data without disclosing the specific details to other parties.

  • Zero Knowledge Rollups

    Zero-knowledge rollup is a Layer 2 blockchain solution that performs computations and stores data off-chain while the funds are held in a smart contract.

  • Zero-Knowledge Proof

    Zero-knowledge proofs, in the field of cryptography, empower a party to demonstrate the occurrence of a transaction or event without divulging any confidential specifics regarding said transaction or event. This cryptographic technique allows for the verification of information without the need to disclose sensitive private details, ensuring privacy and confidentiality while still providing evidence of the validity of the transaction or event.

  • Zk-SNARKs

    Zero-knowledge proof enables one party to prove ownership of specific information without revealing the actual details of that information.

  • 0x Protocol

    0x is a decentralized platform built on the Ethereum blockchain that facilitates the seamless exchange of cryptocurrencies. It provides an open-source framework for the development of various decentralized applications (DApps) such as decentralized exchanges (DEXs), wallets, and marketplaces.

  • 401(k) Plan

    A 401(k) plan is a retirement savings program offered by companies in the United States. It allows employees to contribute a portion of their income towards their retirement savings, with the added benefit of employer matching contributions.

  • 51% Attack

    A 51% attack occurs when a single individual or a group of people controls more than 50% of the computer power or mining hash rate on a network.

  • 52-Week High/Low

    A 52-week high and low represent the highest and lowest market prices that a particular asset has reached within a span of 52 weeks, equivalent to one year. These price levels serve as reference points to gauge the asset's performance and volatility over that period.

  • 52-Week Range

    A 52-week range refers to the span between the highest and lowest prices that an asset has traded at during the preceding 52 weeks. It provides investors and traders with valuable insights into the price volatility and potential price levels of the asset over a one-year period.

  • 80/20 Rule (Pareto Principle)

    The Pareto Principle, often referred to as the 80/20 rule, suggests that approximately 20% of your efforts or actions contribute to about 80% of the outcomes or results achieved. This principle highlights the disproportionate impact of a small portion of inputs in generating a significant portion of the desired outcomes.